乙酸乙酯

乙酸乙酯用途

1、可用于溶解硝化纤维素、油墨、油脂等，亦可用于造漆、人造革、塑料制品、染料、药物和香料等的原料
2、广泛用于油墨、胶粘剂、人造革的生产中，也是制药和有机酸的萃取剂，还用作清漆、香料的组分
3、用作分析试剂、色谱分析标准物质及溶剂
4、GB 2760—96规定为允许使用的食用香料。主要用于着香、柿子脱涩、制作香辛料的颗粒或片剂、酿醋配料。广泛用于配制樱桃、桃、杏等水果型香精及白兰地等酒用香精。亦用作胶姆糖胶基醋酸乙烯酯的溶剂、色素稀释剂，也用于脱咖啡因的咖啡、茶和水果、蔬菜等。
5、作为饲料的调味剂。
6、可少量用于玉兰、依兰、桂花、兔耳草花及花露水、果香型等香精作头香来提调新鲜果香之用，特别是用于香水香精中，有圆熟的效果。适用于樱桃、桃子、杏子、葡萄、草莓、悬钩子、香蕉、生梨、凤梨、柠檬、甜瓜等食用香精。酒用香精如白兰地、威士忌、朗姆、黄酒、白酒等亦用之。
7、乙酸乙酯是应用最广的脂肪酸酯之一，是一种快干性溶剂，具有优异的溶解能力，是极好的工业溶剂。可用于硝酸纤维、乙基纤维、氯化橡胶和乙烯树脂、乙酸纤维素酯、纤维素乙酸丁酯和合成橡胶，也可用于复印机用液体硝基纤维墨水。可作粘接剂的溶剂、喷漆的稀释剂；在纺织工业中可用作清洗剂，在食品工业中可作为特殊改性酒精的香味萃取剂，还用作制药过程和有机酸的萃取剂。在香料工业中是重要的香料添加剂，可作调香剂的组分。乙酸乙酯也是制造染料、药物和香料的原料。乙酸乙酯是许多类树脂的高效溶剂，广泛应用于油墨、人造革生产中。

乙酸乙酯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
141-78-6

[ 中文名 ]:
乙酸乙酯

[ 英文名 ]:
ethyl acetate

[中文别名 ]:

醋酸乙酯

[英文别名 ]:

Ethyl ethanoate
Acetidin
Ethylacetate
EINECS 205-500-4
Vinegar naphtha
Ethyl acetic ester
MFCD00003568
Ethyl acetate
Acetic ether
Acetic acid ethyl ester

乙酸乙酯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.9±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
73.9±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
−84 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₄H₈O₂

[ 分子量 ]:
88.105

[ 闪点 ]:
-3.3±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
88.052429

[ PSA ]:
26.30000

[ LogP ]:
0.71

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
3 (20 °C, vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
111.7±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.373

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with various plastics, strong oxidizing agents. Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures explosive. May be moisture sensitive.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
80 g/L (20 ºC)

乙酸乙酯MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

乙酸乙酯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: AH5425000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Acetic acid, ethyl ester

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 141-78-6

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 54

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C4-H8-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 88.12

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: 2OV1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 ppm

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5620 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - coma

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 45 gm/m3/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 709 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 61 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Blood - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 4935 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >20 mL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 5500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - coma

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 8 mL/kg/8D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other carbohydrates

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Fibroblast

REFERENCE :: FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,623,1984 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 1440 mg/m3 (400 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,28,1960 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,102,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 400 ppm (1440 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 300 ppm (1100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 300 ppm (1100 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm (1800 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 400 mg/m3;STEL 1200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 200 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 400 ppm;STEL 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 150 ppm (500 mg/m3);STEL 300 ppm (1100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3);STEL 800 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 400 ppm (1400 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ETHYL ACETATE-air:10H TWA 400 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 31470 No. of Facilities: 37072 (estimated) No. of Industries: 234 No. of Occupations: 152 No. of Employees: 407816 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 31470 No. of Facilities: 40728 (estimated) No. of Industries: 234 No. of Occupations: 154 No. of Employees: 504448 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 119505 (estimated)

乙酸乙酯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H319-H336

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R36;R66;R67

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S16-S26-S33-S36/37-S45-S7

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1173 3/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
AH5425000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2915310000

乙酸乙酯合成路线

详细合成路线

乙酸乙酯上下游产品

乙酸乙酯上游产品

乙酸乙酯下游产品

乙酸乙酯制备

一、1.直接酯化法是国内工业生产醋酸乙酯的主要工艺路线。以醋酸和乙醇为原料，硫酸为催化剂直接酯化得醋酸乙酯，再经脱水、分馏精制得成品。

2.乙醛缩合法：以烷基铝为催化剂，将乙醛进行缩合反应生成醋酸乙酯。国外工业生产大多采用此工艺。

3.乙烯与醋酸直接酯化生成醋酸乙酯。乙酸乙酯也可由乙酸、乙酐或乙烯酮与乙醇反应制得；也可在乙醇铝催化下，由两分子乙醛反应生成。此外，工业上由丁烷氧化制乙酸时也副产乙酸乙酯。

二、1.酯化法
由乙酸与乙醇在硫酸存在下直接酯化而得。
生产工艺上有连续与间歇之分。
（1）间隙工艺。将乙酸、乙醇和少量的硫酸加入反应釜，加热回流5-6h。然后蒸出乙酸乙酯，并用5%的食盐水洗涤，氢氧化钠和氯化钠混合溶液中和至PH=8。再用氧化钙溶液洗涤，加无水碳酸钾干燥。最后蒸馏，收集76-77℃的馏分，即得产品。

(2)连续工艺。1：1.15（质量比）的乙醇和乙酸连续进入酯化塔釜，在硫酸的催化下于105-110℃下进行酯化反应。生成的乙酸乙酯和水以共沸物的形式从塔顶馏出，经冷凝分层后，上层酯部分回流，其余进入粗品槽，下层水经回收乙酸乙酯后放弃。粗酯经脱低沸物塔脱去少量的水后再入精制塔，塔顶可得产品。此工艺较间隙法好。

2.乙醛法
乙醛在乙醇铝催化下生成乙酸乙酯。将乙醛、乙醇铝等连续加入两个串联的反应器，于0-20℃下进行反应，第二反应器的出口转化率可达99.5%以上，然后经蒸馏得乙酸乙酯。收率达95%-96%，此工艺比较经济。

三、乙酸和乙醇在硫酸存在下加热酯化后，经磺酸钠中和脱水，再精馏而得。乙酸钠或乙酸钾和乙醇在硫酸存在下蒸馏而得。乙醛在催化剂乙醇铅或乙酸铅存在下聚合而成。精制方法：乙酸乙酯常含有水、游离乙酸和乙醇等杂质。精制时先用碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠的饱和水溶液洗涤，再用饱和食盐水溶液洗涤，经固体碳酸钾干燥后蒸馏，收集中间馏分，常温下用五氧化二磷（10~20g/kg）干燥后再行蒸馏。蒸馏时应采取防潮措施。收集中间馏分，弃去少量后馏分。也可以在乙酸乙酯中加入乙酸酐进行回流、蒸馏，馏出物用碳酸钾处理后再用蒸馏的方法精制，纯度可达99.5%以上。氯化钙与乙酸乙酯形成结晶性复合物，不宜用作干燥剂。

四、在1000L搪瓷罐中加入醋酸、乙醇、硫酸（发烟硫酸和浓硫酸各一半），加热回流。

然后将乙酸乙酯粗品蒸出，用5%氯化钠溶液洗涤，再用氢氧化钠和氯化钠混合液进行中和至ph＝8为止。将中和好的粗品再用氯化钙溶液洗涤，然后加无水碳酸钾干燥。最后分馏为成品。

乙酸乙酯海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2915390090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2915390090. 其他乙酸酯. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:AB(入境货物通关单,出境货物通关单). 最惠国关税:5.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ 监管条件 ]: A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单

[ 检验检疫 ]: R.进口食品卫生监督检验 S.出口食品卫生监督检验 M.进口商品检验 N.出口商品检验

[ Summary ]:
2915390090. esters of acetic acid. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. Supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward). MFN tariff:5.5%. General tariff:30.0%

乙酸乙酯文献

Glucose and glycerol concentrations and their tracer enrichment measurements using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

J. Mass Spectrom. 49(10) , 980-8, (2014)

The present study describes a new liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for high-throughput quantification of glucose and glycerol in human plasma using stable isotopically labeled int...

Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl. (Thymelaeaceae) leaves increase SR-BI expression and reduce cholesterol levels in rats fed a high cholesterol diet.

Molecules 20(3) , 4410-29, (2015)

In vitro and in vivo studies of the activity of Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl (Thymelaeaceae) leaves against the therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia were done using the HDL receptor (SR-BI) and hy...

Effect of germinated brown rice extracts on pancreatic lipase, adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Lipids Health Dis. 13 , 169, (2014)

This study investigated anti-obesity effects of seven different solvent (n-hexane, toluene, dicholoromethane, ethyl acetate, absolute methanol, 80% methanol and deionized water) extracts of germinated...

更多文献

乙酸乙酯相关知识

乙酸乙酯的性质和用途

2019-07-09 17:46:09

乙酸乙酯又称醋酸乙酯，是乙酸中的羟基被乙氧基取代而生成的化合物，结构简式为CH3COOCH2CH3。纯净的乙酸乙酯是无色透明有芳香气味的液体，熔点：-83.6℃，沸点：77.06 ℃，相对密度(水=1)：0.894-0.898 ，相对蒸气密度(空气=1)：3.04，有强烈的醚似的气味，清灵、微带果...