Monomethyl auristatin E

Names

[ Name ]:
Monomethyl auristatin E

[Synonym ]:
MMAE
Monomethyl auristatin E
Monomethylauristatin E
UNII-V7I58RC5EJ
monomethylauristatinE
N-Methyl-L-valyl-N-[(3R,4S,5S)-1-{(2S)-2-[(1R,2R)-3-{[(1S,2R)-1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-propanyl]amino}-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl}-3-methoxy-5-methyl-1-oxo-4-heptanyl]-N-methyl-L-valinamide
L-Valinamide, N-methyl-L-valyl-N-[(1S,2R)-4-[(2S)-2-[(1R,2R)-3-[[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenylethyl]amino]-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-methoxy-1-[(1S)-1-methylpropyl]-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is a synthetic derivative of dolastatin 10 and functions as a potent mitotic inhibitor by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. MMAE is widely used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to treat several different cancer types.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Antibody-drug Conjugate >> ADC Cytotoxin

Signaling Pathways >> Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >> Microtubule/Tubulin

Signaling Pathways >> Cytoskeleton >> Microtubule/Tubulin

Research Areas >> Cancer

[Target]

Microtubule[1]

[In Vitro]

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is efficiently released from SGN-35 within CD30+ cancer cells and, due to its membrane permeability, is able to exert cytotoxic activity on bystander cells[1]. MMAE sensitizes colorectal and pancreatic cancer cells to IR in a schedule and dose dependent manner correlating with mitotic arrest. Radiosensitization is evidenced by decreased clonogenic survival and increased DNA double strand breaks in irradiated cells[2].

[In Vivo]

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) in combination with IR results in tumor growth delay, tumor-targeted ACPP-cRGD-MMAE with IR produces a more robust and significantly prolongs tumor regression in xenograft models[2].

[Cell Assay]

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, 5 nM) and ionizing radiation (IR) treated cells are harvested and lysed in RIPA buffer with protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Thirty μg of lysate undergo electrophoresis using 4-12% Bis-Tris gels, transferred to PVDF membranes and incubated with indicated primary antibodies. Blots are developed by ECL.

[Animal admin]

Mice[2] 6-8 week old female athymic nu/nu mice are injected subcutaneously into thighs with 5×106 HCT-116 or PANC-1 cells in a 1:1 Matrigel and PBS solution. Mice are treated with IR or intravenous (IV) injection of ACPP-cRGD-MMAE (6 nmoles/day, 18 nmoles total, i.v.), tumor tissue is harvested, formalin fixed and paraffin embedded followed by staining with indicated antibodies. The primary antibody is used at a 1:250 dilution and is visualized using DAB as a chromagen with the UltraMap system.

[References]

[1]. Okeley, et al. Intracellular Activation of SGN-35, a Potent Anti-CD30 Antibody-Drug Conjugate. Clinical Cancer Research (2010), 16(3), 888-897.

[2]. Lisa Buckel, et al. Tumor radiosensitization by monomethyl auristatin E: mechanism of action and targeted delivery. Cancer Res. 2015 Apr 1;75(7):1376-87.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.1±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
873.5±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₃₉H₆₇N₅O₇

[ Molecular Weight ]:
717.979

[ Flash Point ]:
482.1±34.3 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
717.504028

[ PSA ]:
149.54000

[ LogP ]:
4.13

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.519

Monomethyl auristatin E

Names

Biological Activity

Chemical & Physical Properties

Related Compounds