edaravone

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
89-25-8

[ Name ]:
edaravone

[Synonym ]:
1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-5-PYRAZALONE
3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one
2,4-dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3h-pyrazol-3-one
5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one
3-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-one
1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-5-PYRAZOLONE
1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-5-PYRAZOLE
3-METHYL-1-PHENYL-2-PYRAZOLIN-5ONE
MFCD00003138
1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-5- PYRAZOLONE
3-METHYL-1-PHENYL-2-PYRAZOLIN-5-ONE FOR SYNTHESIS
3-METHYL-1-PHENYL-2-PYRAZOLIN-5-ON
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone
c.i. developer 1
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one
3-METHYL-1-PHENYL-2-PYRAZOLINE-5-ONE / EDARAVONE
1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-5-OXO-2-PYRAZOLINE
1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-2-PYRAZOLIN-5-ONE
Edaravone (MCI-186)
5-METHYL-2-PHENYL-1,2-DIHYDROPYRAZOL-3-ONE EDARAVONE
3-METHYL-1-PHENYL-2-PYRAZOLIN-5-ONE (EDARAVONE)
1-pheny-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP)
5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one
EINECS 201-891-0

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Edaravone is a strong novel free radical scavenger, and inhibits MMP-9-related brain hemorrhage in rats treated with tissue plasminogen activator.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> MMP

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease

[In Vitro]

Edaravone performs both preventative and therapeutic effects against toxicity of glutamate. Pretreatment of edaravone reduces the toxicity of glutamate towards SGNs. Edaravone reduces apoptosis and necrosis caused by glutamate. Pretreatment of edaravone (500 μM) reverses these changes to approximately normal levels. The protective effect of edaravone on SGNs against glutamate-induced apoptosis is associated with PI3K/Akt pathway and Bcl-2 protein family[4].

[In Vivo]

Edaravone exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibiting endothelial injury and by ameliorating neuronal damage in brain ischemia. Edaravone provides the desirable features of NOS: it increases eNOS (beneficial NOS for rescuing ischemic stroke) and decreases nNOS and iNOS (detrimental NOS). Post-reperfusion brain edema and hemorrhagic events induced by thrombolytic therapy may be reduced by edaravone pretreatment[1]. Edaravone significantly decreases infarct volume, with the average infarct volume in the edaravone-treated rats (227.6 mm3) being significantly lower than that in the control rats (264.0 mm3). Edaravone treatment also decreases the postischemic hemorrhage volumes (53.4 mm3 in edaravone-treated rats vs 176.4 mm3 in controls). In addition, the ratio of hemorrhage volume to infarct volume is lower in the edaravone-treated rats (23.5%) than in the untreated rats (63.2%)[2]. In edaravone (20 mg/kg)-treated rats, astrocyte activity (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and apoptotic cells (caspase-3) are decreased on the corpus callosum, germinal matrix, and cerebral cortex[3].

[Cell Assay]

Cell viability is quantified by MTT assay and trypan blue staining. MTT (5 mg/mL, 20 μL) is added to each well and incubated for 4 h at 37°C after the drug treatments. The medium is removed and the cell pellet is dissolved in DMSO. Then, the optical density (OD) values are measured at 570 nm using an ELISA reader.

[References]

[1]. Yoshida, H., et al. Neuroprotective effects of edaravone: a novel free radical scavenger in cerebrovascular injury. CNS Drug Rev, 2006. 12(1): p. 9-20.

[2]. Okamura, K., et al. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, attenuates cerebral infarction and hemorrhagic infarction in rats with hyperglycemia. Neurol Res, 2013.

[3]. Garcia CA, et al. Edaravone reduces astrogliosis and apoptosis in young rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst. 2016 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print]

[4]. Bai X, et al. Protective Effect of Edaravone on Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in Spiral Ganglion Neurons. Neural Plast. 2016;2016:4034218. Epub 2016 Nov 10.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
333.0±11.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
126-128 °C(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₀H₁₀N₂O

[ Molecular Weight ]:
174.199

[ Flash Point ]:
155.2±19.3 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
174.079315

[ PSA ]:
32.67000

[ LogP ]:
0.44

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.606

[ Storage condition ]:
Store at RT

[ Water Solubility ]:
3 g/L (20 ºC)

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: UQ9625000

CHEMICAL NAME :: 2-Pyrazolin-5-one, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 89-25-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 10

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C10-H10-N2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 174.22

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T5NMV DHJ BR& E1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2012 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/L

REFERENCE :: EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,196,1991 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 83422 No. of Facilities: 11 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 114 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 83422 No. of Facilities: 62 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 580 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 137 (estimated)

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H302-H315-H319-H335

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S36

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
1

[ RTECS ]:
UQ9625000

[ HS Code ]:
2933199090

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2933199090

[ Summary ]:
2933199090. other compounds containing an unfused pyrazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

Articles

Ellipticine induces apoptosis in T-cell lymphoma via oxidative DNA damage.

Leuk. Lymphoma 56(3) , 739-47, (2015)

The tumor suppressor p53 is often mutated in human cancers. Restoring its antitumor activity has been shown to be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. Here we analyzed the activity a...

The free radical scavenger, edaravone, ameliorates delayed neuropsychological sequelae after acute carbon monoxide poisoning in rabbits.

Undersea Hyperb. Med. 40(3) , 223-9, (2013)

The mechanism underlying delayed neuropsychological sequelae (DNS) after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is unclear. There are no effective treatments for DNS. As part of a new generation of anti...

Protective effect of edaravone against Alzheimer's disease-relevant insults in neuroblastoma N2a cells.

Neurosci. Lett. 531(2) , 160-5, (2012)

Oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, antioxidant therapy may represent a promising avenue for the treatment of AD. Edaravone (3-...