DHAQ DIACETATE

Mitoxantrone diacetate is a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor. Mitoxantrone diacetate also inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) activity with an IC50 of 8.5 μM. Mitoxantrone diacetate induces apoptosis of B-CLL (B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) cells. Mitoxantrone diacetate shows antitumor activity[1][2][3][4]. Mitoxantrone diacetate also has anti-orthopoxvirus activity with EC50s of 0.25 μM and and 0.8 μM for cowpox and monkeypox, respectively[5].

Signaling Pathways >> Epigenetics >> PKC

Signaling Pathways >> Apoptosis >> Apoptosis

Signaling Pathways >> Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >> Topoisomerase

Signaling Pathways >> TGF-beta/Smad >> PKC

IC50: 8.5 μM (PKC)[1]

Mitoxantrone diacetate inhibits PKC in a competitive manner with respect to histone H1, and its Ki value is 6.3 μM and in a non-competitive manner with respect to phosphatidylserine and ATP[1]. Mitoxantrone diacetate (0.5 μg/mL, 48 h) induces a decrease in B-CLL cells. Mitoxantrone diacetate induces DNA fragmentation and the proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), demonstrating that the cytotoxic effect of Mitoxantrone diacetate is due to induction of apoptosis[2]. Mitoxantrone diacetate shows cytotoxicity to human breast carcinoma cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 18 and 196 nM, respectively[3].

Mitoxantrone diacetate (IP, 0-3.2 mg/kg/day) produces a statistically significant number of 60-day survivors at 1.6 mg/kg in mice with IP implanted L1210 leukemia[4]. Mitoxantrone diacetate (IV, 0-3.2 mg/kg/day) shows effective antitumor activities and produces a 60% ILS (increase in lifespan) at 3.2 mg/kg in SC implanted Lewis lung carcinoma[4].

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C22-H28-N4-O6.2C2-H4-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

564.66

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

L C666 BV IVJ DOV1 GOV1 KM2M2Q NM2M2Q

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

61300 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Cardiac - EKG changes not diagnostic of specified effects Cardiac - cardiac output

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Ovary

DOSE/DURATION :

10 nmol/L

REFERENCE :

CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,376,1981