Gamma-glutamylcysteine

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
636-58-8

[ Name ]:
Gamma-glutamylcysteine

[Synonym ]:
Glutathione Impurity D
L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine
(2S)-2-amino-5-[[(1R)-1-carboxy-2-sulfanylethyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
g-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
(S)-2-amino-5-(((R)-1-carboxy-2-mercaptoethyl)amino)-5-oxopentanoic acid
(Des-Gly)-Glutathione (reduced)

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine), a dipeptide containing cysteine and glutamic acid, is a precursor to glutathione (GSH). Gamma-glutamylcysteine is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to increase GSH levels[1].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology

[Target]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[In Vitro]

Co-treatment of Aβ40 oligomers with Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine; GGC) at 200 μM increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and leads to significant increases in the levels of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and GSH and reduces the GSSG/GSH ratio. Gamma-glutamylcysteine also upregulates the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduced the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and attenuates the changes in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes[1].

[References]

[1]. Braidy N, et al. The Precursor to Glutathione (GSH), γ-Glutamylcysteine (GGC), Can Ameliorate Oxidative Damage and Neuroinflammation Induced by Aβ40 Oligomers in Human Astrocytes. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019 Aug 8;11:177.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.436g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
592.4ºC at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
167℃

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₈H₁₄N₂O₅S

[ Molecular Weight ]:
250.27200

[ Flash Point ]:
312.1ºC

[ Exact Mass ]:
250.06200

[ PSA ]:
168.52000

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.57

[ Storage condition ]:
−20°C

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H315-H319-H335

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi

[ Risk Phrases ]:
36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
26-36

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

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