2-Thiouracil

2-Thiouracil is a thiolated uracil derivative that is a known antihyperthyroid agent. Target: Others2-Thiouracil is an established antithyroid drug and an extensively investigated agent for the early detection and targeting of metastatic melanotic melanoma. In addition, 2-Thiouracil is also a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase antagonising tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent enzyme activation and dimerization. Thiouracil refers both to a specific molecule consisting of a sulfated uracil, and a family of molecules based upon that structure. Thiouracil inhibits thyroid activity by blocking the enzyme thyroid peroxidase [1-3].

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Endocrinology

[1]. Palumbo, A., M. d'Ischia, and F.A. Cioffi, 2-thiouracil is a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase antagonising tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent enzyme activation and dimerisation. FEBS Lett, 2000. 485(2-3): p. 109-12.

[2]. Napolitano, A., et al., Mechanism of selective incorporation of the melanoma seeker 2-thiouracil into growing melanin. J Med Chem, 1996. 39(26): p. 5192-201.

[3]. Nagasaka, A. and H. Hidaka, Effect of antithyroid agents 6-propyl-2-thiouracil and 1-mehtyl-2-mercaptoimidazole on human thyroid iodine peroxidase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1976. 43(1): p. 152-8.

Captisol | Cyclosporin A | H2DCFDA | 0MPTP hydrochloride | GW4869 | Etomoxir | TD139 | Mitoquinone mesylate | GSK2795039 | JC-1 | BAPTA-AM | AP 20187 | Setanaxib (GKT137831) | D-Luciferin | Crotaline

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C4-H4-N2-O-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

128.16

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

T6MYMVJ BUS

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

3900 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2100 mg/kg/4W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

10 gm/kg/14W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Endocrine - thyroid weight (goiter) Tumorigenic - increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

184 gm/kg/73W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

DOSE :

484 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-26 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - endocrine system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

DOSE :

924 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 26-41 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

22750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 91 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - endocrine system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Phage inhibition capacity

TEST SYSTEM :

Bacteria - Escherichia coli

DOSE/DURATION :

100 mmol/L

REFERENCE :

MDMIAZ Medycyna Doswiadczalna i Mikrobiologia. For English translation, see EXMMAV. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1949- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,11,1979 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,85,1974 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,85,1974 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ADVPA3 Advances in Pharmacology. (New York, NY) V.1-6, 1962-68. For publisher information, see AVPCAQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,263,1966 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - E0277 No. of Facilities: 6 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 1776 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 634 (estimated)