Antithrombotic and antidiabetic flavonoid glycosides from the grains of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench var. hwanggeumchal.

Phi-Hung Nguyen, Vu Viet Dung, Bing Tian Zhao, Young Ho Kim, Byung Sun Min, Mi Hee Woo

Index: Arch. Pharm. Res. 37(11) , 1394-402, (2014)

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Abstract

A phytochemical study of the grains of S. bicolor, resulting in the isolation of twelve flavonoid glycosides 1-12. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and MS data analyses. All compounds were tested on thrombin time (TT) assay and α-glucosidase assay in order to assess their inhibitory effects on blood coagulation and α-glucosidase enzyme. At the concentration of 500 μg/mL, compounds 3, 4, 7 and 10 possessed the potential effects on blood coagulation with inhibitory percentage of 197, 152, 120 and 158 %, respectively, whereas aspirin, which used as a positive control, indicated 181 and 138 % inhibition at 500 and 375 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 3, 4, 7, 9 and 10 also displayed strong inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase enzyme, with 85.2, 55.7, 43.9, 52.7 and 65.2 % inhibition at 100 μg/mL, respectively, whereas acarbose, as a positive control, possessed only 38.7 % at the same concentration. Taken together, our data suggest that S. bicolor and its flavonoid-enrich extracts could be considered as supplemental and or functional foods having beneficial effects against blood coagulation-induced ischemia, possibly thromboembolism disease, as well as diabetes.