Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 2015-01-01

Evidence for respiratory neuromodulator interdependence after cholinergic disruption in the ventral respiratory column.

Clarissa Muere, Suzanne Neumueller, Justin Miller, Samantha Olesiak, Matthew R Hodges, Lawrence Pan, Hubert V Forster

Index: Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 205 , 7-15, (2014)

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Abstract

Reverse dialysis of the muscarinic receptor antagonist, atropine (ATR, 50 mM), into the pre-Bötzinger Complex region of the ventral respiratory column (VRC) of awake and sleeping goats increases breathing frequency and serotonin (5-HT), substance P (SP), glycine, and GABA concentrations in the effluent dialysate. Herein, we report data from goats in which we reverse dialyzed 5 mM ATR or specific antagonists of M2 or M3 muscarinic receptors into the VRC. The effects on frequency of all three antagonists were not significantly different from time control studies. 5 mM ATR and the M3 antagonist increased SP sevenfold less than 50 mM ATR. The antagonists had no effect on 5-HT, glycine, and/or GABA, suggesting that the increases in glycine and GABA with 50 mM ATR were secondary to the larger increases in 5-HT and/or SP. These data are suggestive of neuromodulator interdependence, whereby attenuation of one neuromodulator is compensated for by local changes in other neuromodulators to stabilize breathing.Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.