A variety of aryltin compounds can be employed for carbonylation reactions in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium (II) salt with reoxidant in acetonitrile or acetic acid under an atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide (CO) to afford arenecarboxylic acids and diaryl ketones. Similar reactions also proceed by using rhodium (III) salt as a catalyst, where the presence of reoxidant is sometimes not necessary. More than one of two, three, or four ...
