547-75-1

• 常用中文名：猪胆酸
• 常用英文名：Hyocholic Acid
• CAS号：547-75-1
• 分子式：C₂₄H₄₀O₅
• 分子量：408.571
• 相关类别： 研究领域 代谢疾病
• 发布时间：2018-09-20 12:22:45
• 更新时间：2026-07-01 16:03:55
• 胆酸是一种在猪体内发现的胆汁酸。胆汁淤积症患者的尿液样本中也可以发现胆酸。胆酸通过激活肠内分泌细胞中的TGR5和抑制FXR促进GLP-1分泌。羟胆酸因其对2型糖尿病的卓越抵抗力而闻名[1][2][3]。

名称

• 中文名: 猪胆酸
• 英文名: hyocholic acid
• 中文别名: 甘氨胆酸钠盐863-|医药级甘氨胆酸钠盐|供应甘氨胆酸钠盐; HYOCHOLIC ACID 猪胆酸; 3Α,6Α,7Α-三羟基-5Β-胆甾烷-24-酸; 天然提取物猪胆酸; 伽马木胆酸; Γ-鼠胆酸(猪胆酸); 猪胆酸含量:, 用于生化研究 猪胆酸; 3Α,6Α,7Α-三羟基-5Β-胆酸; 化合物：Hyocholic Acid; 2H5]-Γ-鼠胆酸; Γ-多元醇酸; 伽马-鼠胆酸; Γ-鼠胆酸/精确称量; (R)-4-((3R,5R,6R,7S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-3,6,7-三羟基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊烷并[A]菲-17-基)戊酸; 甲醇中猪胆酸标准溶液; 猪胆酸,10 MM DMSO 溶液; 氘5-γ-鼠李酸; 别胆酸杂质11 (猪胆酸); 5Β-胆甾烷-24-酸-3Α,6Α,7Α-三醇 HYOCHOLIC ACID LAMBDA-MURICHOLIC ACID; 【供应】甘氨胆酸钠盐863-医药; 化合物:Hyocholic Acid; 5Β-胆甾烷-24-酸-3Α,6Α,7Α-三醇; Γ-多元醇酸 (2,2,3,4,4-D5, )
• 英文别名: 3-ALPHA,6-ALPHA,7-ALPHA-TRIHYDROXY-5-BETA-CHOLAN-24-OIC ACID; Hyocholic acid Impurity 1; (R)-4-((3R,5R,6R,7S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-3,6,7-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoic acid; 3A,6A-7A-TRIHYDROXY-5B-CHOLAN-24-OIC ACID; alpha-Hyocholic acid; 5B-CHOLAN-24-OIC ACID-3A,6A,7A-TRIOL; (4R)-4-[(3R,5R,6R,7S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-3,6,7-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]valeric acid; Porcine cholic acid; 2H5]-γ-Muricholic Acid; trihydroxy-5B2; 5β-Cholan-24-Oic Acid-3α,6α,7α-Triol; 5-BETA-CHOLANIC ACID-3-ALPHA, 6-ALPHA, 7-ALPHA-TRIOL; 3Alpha,6Alpha,7Alpha-Trihydroxy-5Beta-cholanic Acid; 3α,6α,7α-Trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid; γ-Muricholic Acid/Hyocholic Acid; HYOCHOLIC ACIDHYOCHOLIC ACID; cholan-24-oic acid; gamma-Muricholate; 3a,6a,7a-Trihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oic acid; 5β-Cholanic acid-3α,6α,7α-triol; 5-BETA-CHOLAN-24-OIC ACID-3-ALPHA,6-ALPHA,7-ALPHA-TRIOL; 6B1; trihydroxy-5u0003B2; (3α,5β,6α,7α)-3,6,7-Trihydroxycholan-24-oic acid; 3-ALPHA,6-ALPHA,7-ALPHA; 3a,6a,7a-Trihydroxy-5b-cholanic acid; 3u0003B1; 6u0003B1; 7u0003B1; Allocholic Acid Impurity 11 (Hyocholic Acid); 4-(3,6,7-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoic acid; Cholan-24-oic acid, 3,6,7-trihydroxy-, (3α,5β,6α,7α); Hyocholic acid (HCA); Hyocholic acid, 10 mM in DMSO; 3,6,7-trihydroxy-5-cholan-24-oic acid; HYOCHOLIC ACID; GAMMA MURICHOLIC; 3α,6α,7α-Trihydroxy-5β-cholanic Acid; LAMBDA-MURICHOLIC ACID; 3,6,7-trihydroxy-,(3alpha,5beta,6alpha,7alpha)-cholan-24-oicaci; D5-γ-Muricholic Acid; GAMMA-MURICHOLIC ACID

物化性质

• 密度: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 565.7±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 188-189ºC
• 分子式: C₂₄H₄₀O₅
• 分子量: 408.571
• 闪点: 310.0±23.8 °C
• 精确质量: 408.287567
• PSA: 97.99000
• LogP: 3.82
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±3.5 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.558

生物活性

• 描述: 胆酸是一种在猪体内发现的胆汁酸。胆汁淤积症患者的尿液样本中也可以发现胆酸。胆酸通过激活肠内分泌细胞中的TGR5和抑制FXR促进GLP-1分泌。羟胆酸因其对2型糖尿病的卓越抵抗力而闻名[1][2][3]。
• 相关类别:
  信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他
  研究领域 >> 代谢疾病
• 体外研究: HCA(25和50μM,24小时)上调STC-1和NCI-H716细胞中GLP-1蛋白的分泌[3]。HCA(25μM和50μM,24小时)上调STC-1和NCI-H716细胞中的孕激素基因转录[3]。Western印迹分析[3]细胞系：NCI-H716细胞浓度：50μM培养时间：48小时结果：抑制FXR激动剂诱导的SHP(小异二聚体伴侣)的高表达。
• 体内研究: 胆酸(20mg/kg,p.o.)抑制BA耗竭导致的猪血糖升高[3]。胆酸(100mg/kg/天,口服)改善糖尿病小鼠模型的血清空腹GLP-1分泌和葡萄糖稳态[3]。动物模型：BA耗竭猪[3]剂量：20 mg/kg给药：口服给药(p.o.)结果：随着GLP-1的降低,血糖水平的升高有所减轻。动物模型：db/db模型,以及高脂肪饮食和链脲佐菌素(HFD+STZ)诱导的糖尿病模型[3]剂量：100 mg/kg/天给药：口服给药(p.o.)结果：通过降低葡萄糖水平来改善口服葡萄糖耐量。循环活性GLP-1水平和空腹胰岛素水平升高。
• 参考文献:

  [1]. Zheng X, et al. Hyocholic acid species as novel biomarkers for metabolic disorders. Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 5;12(1):1487.

  [2]. van Berge Henegouwen, et al. Sulphated and unsulphated bile acids in serum, bile, and urine of patients with cholestasis. Gut 17(11), 861-869 (1976).

  [3]. Xiaojiao Zheng, et al. Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism. Cell Metab. 2021 Apr 6;33(4):791-803.e7.

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