75-01-4

75-01-4结构式
75-01-4结构式
  • 常用中文名:乙烯基氯
  • 常用英文名:Vinyl chloride
  • CAS号:75-01-4
  • 分子式:C2H3Cl
  • 分子量:62.49820
  • 相关类别: 医药中间体 杂环化合物 吡啶类化合物 吡啶衍生物
  • 发布时间:2018-02-03 08:00:00
  • 更新时间:2024-01-02 18:52:33
  • 【用途一】
    用作多种聚合物的共聚单体
    【用途二】
    塑料工业的重要原料,主要用于生产聚氯乙烯树脂。与醋酸乙烯、偏氯乙烯、丁二烯、丙烯腈、丙烯酸酯类及其他单体共聚生成共聚物,也可用作冷冻剂等。

化源商城直购

中文名 乙烯基氯
英文名 chloroethene
中文别名 氯乙烯
英文别名 1-chloroethylene
Chlorethylen
Chlorethene
VINYL CHLORIDE
chloroethylene
monochloroethylene
chloro-ethen
(E)-vinyl chloride
chlorovinyl acid
EINECS 200-831-0
MFCD00040415
Chlorethen
Trovidur
密度 0.911 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
沸点 -10 ºC
熔点 -153.8 °C(lit.)
分子式 C2H3Cl
分子量 62.49820
闪点 -56 ºC
精确质量 61.99230
LogP 1.36870
外观性状 无色气体
折射率 n20/D 1.3700(lit.)
储存条件

储存注意事项 储存于阴凉、通风的易燃气体专用库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过30℃。应与氧化剂分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备。

稳定性

1.易燃,能与空气形成爆炸性混合物,爆炸极限3.6%-26.4%(体积分数)。遇明火、高温有燃烧爆炸的危险。有毒。在热、光及过氧化物、偶氮化物等引发剂作用下,可以本体聚合、悬浮聚合、溶液聚合及乳液聚合。可以与丙烯酸、苯乙烯等进行共聚。还可进行加成、缩合、取代等反应。

2.氯乙烯分子中的氯原子不太活泼,但在铯和其他过渡金属的存在下,可将氯迅速交换。分子中的双键在自由基引发剂存在下可以进行聚合和共聚反应。可以发生加成反应、氧化反应和热解反应。有水存在时,可以发生水解反应,形成盐酸,产生强腐蚀性。

3.稳定性 稳定

4.禁配物 强氧化剂

5.避免接触的条件 受热

6.聚合危害 聚合

7.分解产物 氯化氢

水溶解性 acetone/carbon disulfide, MEK, THF: soluble
分子结构

1、摩尔折射率:15.88

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):68.0

3、等张比容(90.2K):139.1

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):17.5

5、极化率:6.29

计算化学

1、疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):1.5

2、氢键供体数量:0

3、氢键受体数量:0

4、可旋转化学键数量:0

5、互变异构体数量:

6、拓扑分子极性表面积(TPSA):0

7、重原子数量:3

8、表面电荷:0

9、复杂度:10.3

10、同位素原子数量:0

11、确定原子立构中心数量:0

12、不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13、确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14、不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15、共价键单元数量:1

更多

1.性状:无色、有醚样气味的气体。

2.熔点(℃):-153.8

3.沸点(℃):-13.4

4.相对密度(水=1):0.91

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):2.2

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):343.5(20℃)

7.临界温度(℃):151.5

8.临界压力(MPa):5.60

9.辛醇/水分配系数:1.62

10.闪点(℃):-78(OC)

11.引燃温度(℃):472

12.爆炸上限(%):33.0

13.爆炸下限(%):3.6

14.溶解性:微溶于水,溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、苯等多数有机溶剂。

15.Lennard-Jones参数(A):4.3387

16.Lennard-Jones参数(K):370.41

17.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):4.740×109

18.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):32.030

19.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) :28.5

20.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :264.08

21.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):41.1

22.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):53.60

23.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :241.89

第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称:
氯乙烯
化学品英文名称:
chloroethylene
中文名称 2
乙烯基氯
英文名称 2
vinyl chloride
技术说明书编码:
64
CAS No.
75-01-4
分子式:
C2H3Cl
分子量:
62.50
第二部分:成分 / 组成信息
有害物成分
含量
CAS No.
氯乙烯
99.99%
75-01-4
第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径:
健康危害:
急性毒性表现为麻醉作用;长期接触可引起氯乙烯病。急性中毒:轻度中毒时病人出现眩晕、胸闷、嗜睡、步态蹒跚等;严重中毒可发生昏迷、抽搐,甚至造成死亡。皮肤接触氯乙烯液体可致红斑、水肿或坏死。慢性中毒:表现为神经衰弱综合征、肝肿大、肝功能异常、消化功能障碍、雷诺氏现象及肢端溶骨症。皮肤可出现干燥、皲裂、脱屑、湿疹等。本品为致癌物,可致肝血管肉瘤。
环境危害:
氯乙烯在环境中能参与光化学烟雾反应。
燃爆危险:
本品易燃,为致癌物。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触:
立即脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。就医。
眼睛接触:
提起眼睑,用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。
吸入:
迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难,给输氧。如呼吸停止,立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入:
第五部分:消防措施
危险特性:
易燃,与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物。遇热源和明火有燃烧爆炸的危险。燃烧或无抑制剂时可发生剧烈聚合。其蒸气比空气重,能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方,遇火源会着火回燃。
有害燃烧产物:
一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢。
灭火方法:
切断气源。若不能切断气源,则不允许熄灭泄漏处的火焰。喷水冷却容器,可能的话将容器从火场移至空旷处。灭火剂:雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳。
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理:
迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至上风处,并进行隔离,严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器,穿防静电工作服。尽可能切断泄漏源。用工业覆盖层或吸附 / 吸收剂盖住泄漏点附近的下水道等地方,防止气体进入。合理通风,加速扩散。喷雾状水稀释、溶解。构筑围堤或挖坑收容产生的大量废水。如有可能,将残余气或漏出气用排风机送至水洗塔或与塔相连的通风橱内。漏气容器要妥善处理,修复、检验后再用。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项:
密闭操作,全面通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴过滤式防毒面具(半面罩),戴化学安全防护眼镜,穿防静电工作服,戴防化学品手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。防止气体泄漏到工作场所空气中。避免与氧化剂接触。在传送过程中,钢瓶和容器必须接地和跨接,防止产生静电。搬运时轻装轻卸,防止钢瓶及附件破损。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。
储存注意事项:
储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过 30 ℃。应与氧化剂分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备。
第八部分:接触控制 / 个体防护
职业接触限值
中国 MAC(mg/m3)
30
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)
5/1
TLVTN
ACGIH 5ppm,13mg/m3
TLVWN
未制定标准
监测方法:
气相色谱法
工程控制:
生产过程密闭,全面通风。
呼吸系统防护:
空气中浓度超标时,佩戴过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)。紧急事态抢救或撤离时,建议佩戴空气呼吸器。
眼睛防护:
戴化学安全防护眼镜。
身体防护:
穿防静电工作服。
手防护:
戴防化学品手套。
其他防护:
工作现场严禁吸烟。实行就业前和定期的体检。进入罐、限制性空间或其它高浓度区作业,须有人监护。
第九部分:理化特性
主要成分:
含量 : 纯度≥ 99.99 %。
外观与性状:
无色、有醚样气味的气体。
pH
熔点 ( )
-159.8
沸点 ( )
-13.4
相对密度 ( =1)
0.91
相对蒸气密度 ( 空气 =1)
2.15
饱和蒸气压 (kPa)
346.53(25)
燃烧热 (kJ/mol)
无资料
临界温度 ( )
142
临界压力 (MPa)
5.60
辛醇 / 水分配系数的对数值:
1.38
闪点 ( )
无意义
引燃温度 ( )
415
爆炸上限 %(V/V)
3.6
爆炸下限 %(V/V)
31.0
溶解性:
微溶于水,溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮等多数有机溶剂。
主要用途:
用作塑料原料及用于有机合成,也用作冷冻剂等。
其它理化性质:
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性:
禁配物:
强氧化剂。
避免接触的条件:
受热。
聚合危害:
分解产物:
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性:
LD50 500 mg/kg( 大鼠经口 )

LC50
:无资料
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:
第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
其它有害作用:
氯乙烯在环境中能参与光化学烟雾反应,由于其挥发性强,在大气中易被光解,也可被生物降解和化学降解,即能被特异的菌丛所破坏,亦能被空气中的氧所氧化成苯甲醚、甲醛及少量苯乙醇。
第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法:
用焚烧法处置。与燃料混合后,再焚烧。焚烧炉排出的卤化氢通过酸洗涤器除去。
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
21037
UN 编号:
1086
包装标志:
包装类别:
O52
包装方法:
钢质气瓶;磨砂口玻璃瓶或螺纹口玻璃瓶外普通木箱;安瓿瓶外普通木箱;螺纹口玻璃瓶、铁盖压口玻璃瓶、塑料瓶或金属桶(罐)外普通木箱。
运输注意事项:
铁路运输时应严格按照铁道部《危险货物运输规则》中的危险货物配装表进行配装。采用刚瓶运输时必须戴好钢瓶上的安全帽。钢瓶一般平放,并应将瓶口朝同一方向,不可交叉;高度不得超过车辆的防护栏板,并用三角木垫卡牢,防止滚动。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。装运该物品的车辆排气管必须配备阻火装置,禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具装卸。严禁与氧化剂、食用化学品等混装混运。夏季应早晚运输,防止日光曝晒。中途停留时应远离火种、热源。公路运输时要按规定路线行驶,禁止在居民区和人口稠密区停留。铁路运输时要禁止溜放。
第十五部分:法规信息
法规信息
化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 2 17 日国务院发布 ) ,化学危险物品安全管理条例实施细则 ( 化劳发 [1992] 677 ) ,工作场所安全使用化学品规定 ([1996] 劳部发 423 ) 等法规,针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定;常用危险化学品的分类及标志 (GB 13690-92) 将该物质划为第 2.1 类易燃气体。
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献:
填表时间:
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息:
MSDS 修改日期:

毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性 LD50:500mg/kg(大鼠经口)

2.刺激性 暂无资料

3.亚急性与慢性毒性 大鼠吸入30~40mg/m3蒸气,每天4h,5个月,20天后见心电图改变,心搏徐缓,心律不齐;4个半月后出现房室传导障碍。7900mg/m3,每天4h,每周5d,12个月,出现脑、肝、肺、肾病变及肿瘤。

TCLo:1ppm,每天4h,52周。

4.致突变性微生物致突变:鼠伤寒沙门菌2000ppm(48h)。微粒体诱变:鼠伤寒沙门菌1%。细胞遗传学分析:人Hela细胞10mmol/L。

5.致畸性 大鼠孕后6~15d吸入最低中毒剂量(TCLo)500ppm(7h),致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。

6.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论:G1,确认人类致癌物

7.其他 大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):500ppm(7h)(孕6~15d),引起胚胎毒性。小鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):500ppm(7h)(孕6~15d),引起胚胎毒性和肌肉骨骼发育异常。

生态学数据:

1.生态毒性 暂无资料

2.生物降解性

好氧生物降解(h):672~4320

厌氧生物降解(h):2688~17280

3.非生物降解性 空气中光氧化半衰期(h):9.7~97

4.其他有害作用氯乙烯在环境中能参与光化学烟雾反应,由于其发挥性强,在大气中易被光解,也可被生物降解和化学降解,即能被特异的菌丛所破坏,亦能被空气中的氧所氧化成苯甲醚、甲醛及少量苯乙醇。

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
KU9625000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Ethylene, chloro-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
75-01-4
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
1731576
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
127
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C2-H3-Cl
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
62.50
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
G1U1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
DOWCC* Dow Chemical Company Reports. (Dow Chemical USA, Health and Environment Research, Toxicology Research Lab., Midland, MI 48640)
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
18 pph/15M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
20 pph/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
30 pph/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
200 ppm/18M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
23400 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
30 mg/m3/4H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) Cardiac - EKG changes not diagnostic of specified effects Cardiac - pulse rate
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5000 ppm/7H/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/m3/24H/14W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Liver - changes in liver weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
28000 ppm/7H/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2000 ppm/8H/92D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
9 gm/m3/4H/22W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) Cardiac - EKG changes not diagnostic of specified effects Cardiac - pulse rate
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
30 mg/m3/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Blood - other changes Musculoskeletal - osteoporosis
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
200 ppm/14Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3463 mg/kg/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/4H/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
10000 ppm/4H female 12-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis Endocrine - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
21 mg/kg/65W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Gastrointestinal - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
21 mg/kg/67W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/30W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/4H/30W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/7H/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
100 ppm/7H/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/47W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
34 gm/kg/3Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - angiosarcoma Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/6H/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/4H/30W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
250 ppm/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - effect, not otherwise specified Liver - angiosarcoma
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
300 mg/m3/W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5 ppm/4H/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/6H/43W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
30 mg/m3
SEX/DURATION :
male 5 year(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
100 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 26 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
500 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1500 ppm/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
500 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
250 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 55 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
30000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
500 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
500 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TYPE OF TEST :
Morphological transformation
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA adduct
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Ovary
REFERENCE :
EVSRBT Environmental Science Research. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,91,1982 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Confirmed human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 13 mg/m3 (5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,377,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,377,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Group 1 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,373,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FAZMAE Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progress in Drug Research. (Birkhauser Boston, Inc., c/o Springer-Verlag New York, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,365,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,47,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CHWEAP Chemisch-Weekblad. (The Hague, Netherlands) V.1-71, 1903-75. Volume(issue)/page/year: 70(28/29),5,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CANCAR Cancer (Philadelphia). (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1948- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,1792,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,93,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ZHPMAT Zentralblatt fuer Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung 1: Originale, Reihe B: Hygiene, Krankenhaushygiene, Betriebshygiene, Praeventive Medizin. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.155-169, 1971-1979. For publisher information, see ZAOMDC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 166,113,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BNYMAM Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. (New York Academy of Medicine, 2 E. 103rd St., New York, NY 10029) Ser 2: V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,413,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ABMHAM Archives Belges de Medecine Sociale, Hygiene, Medecine du Trevail et Medecine Legale. (Quartier Esplanade no.6, 1010 Brussels, Belgium) V.4- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,585,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,117,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 20(4),46,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW VHTODE Veterinary and Human Toxicology. (American College of Veterinary and Comparative Toxicology, Publication Office, Comparative Toxicology, Manhattan, KS 66506) V.19- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,31,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,131,1976 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 200 ppm (510 mg/m3) DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,31,1973 OSHA PEL (Construc):see CFR 29,1926.1117 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 500 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 OSHA-cancer suspect agent CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1017,1987 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 2.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (10 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 ppm (3 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 ppm (3 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 10 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:STEL 2.5 ppm;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 50 ppm (100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 30 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 1 ppm (2.5 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (13 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 ppm (5.2 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 1 ppm (2.8 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 500 ppm (1300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 7 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO VINYL CHLORIDE-air:CA lowest feasible concentration REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 76445 No. of Facilities: 1459 (estimated) No. of Industries: 22 No. of Occupations: 36 No. of Employees: 29836 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 76445 No. of Facilities: 3711 (estimated) No. of Industries: 63 No. of Occupations: 59 No. of Employees: 81314 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 28398 (estimated)

符号 GHS02 GHS06 GHS08
GHS02, GHS06, GHS08
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H350-H370
警示性声明 P201-P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311
个人防护装备 Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
危害码 (欧洲) F+,T,F
风险声明 (欧洲) R45
安全声明 (欧洲) S53-S45-S36/37
危险品运输编码 UN 1086 2.1
WGK德国 2
RTECS号 KU9625000
危险类别 2.1
海关编码 2903210000
1、乙烯氧氯化法,乙烯与氯气在三氯化铁催化剂存在下,液相直接氯化生成1,2-二氯乙烷。1,2-二氯乙烷经精制后裂解,得氯乙烯和氯化氢,经精馏得到成品氯乙烯。副产氯化氢、乙烯与空气,通过载于氧化铝上的氯化铜触媒进行氧氯化反应得1,2-二氯乙烷,精制后在500℃、2.0-2.5MPa压力下,在管式炉内裂解生成氯乙烯和氯化氢,精制得产品氯乙烯。副产品氯化氢可再返回氧氯化反应器与乙烯再进行氧氯化反应 此法乙烯直接氯化转化率为99.7%,二氯乙烷选择为99%;二氯乙烷转化率为57%,氯乙烯选择性为99%。 每吨产品消耗定额:乙烯(100%计)485kg,氯气(100%)630kg,蒸汽(1.11MPa)1900kg,煤气90.15-0.20MPa)5.235×1000000KJ,电10000V±6%,50Hz±5%,8.64×100000KW/t。 75-01-4 preparation 2、乙烯直接氯化法 包括乙烯高温氯化和乙烯低温氯化等。 75-01-4 preparation
(1)乙烯低温氯化法 先向乙烯通氯,在三氯化铁存在下制取二氯乙烷,在碱的醇溶剂中,二氯乙烷再脱氯化氢制取氯乙烯,其反应如下:二氯乙烷裂解要在600℃以上进行。它除了脱第一个氯化氢生产氯乙烯外,还发生脱第二个氯化氢反应而生成乙炔,因而使氯乙烯产率降低。为了提高产率,必须使用催化剂,如活性炭、硅胶等,这样反应可以温度480-520℃下进行,氯乙烯产率可达85%。
(2)乙烯高温氯化法 以乙烯、氯气为原料,经高温氯化生产氯乙烯,同时副产多种氯代烃溶剂。整个工艺过程分热氯化、冷氯化和氧氯化三部分。其过程如下。
热氯化:乙烯、氯气和循环的二氯乙烷、三氯乙烷在热压反应釜内,于0.15MPa压力、374-495℃温度条件下反应,不用催化剂,生成氯乙烯经分离、精制而得产品,其佘二氯乙烷和三氯乙烷返回热压釜;氯化氢和未反应的乙烯送氧氯化工序。
冷氯化:使热氯化工序来的二氯乙烯与氯气反应成四氯乙烷,或与氯化氢反应得1,1,1-三氯乙烷,反应也不需要催化剂。所得四氯乙烷经热裂解而得三氯乙烯,氯化氢则送氧氯化工序。
氧氯化:以铜盐为催化剂,在0.2-0.78MPa、222-476℃温度下反应生成二氯乙烷、三氯乙烷、四氯乙烷和水,经分离得三氯乙烷、二氯乙烷产品,其佘氯代烃返回热氯化系统。
3、烯炔法 此法有两种。
(1)联合法 以乙烯、乙炔为原料,经氯化后,其中乙烯生成二氯乙烷;二氯乙烷裂解制氯乙烯,所副产的氯化氢与乙炔进行加成反应得氢乙烯,这样就可避免副产氯化氢。
该法采用的原料一半来自电石乙炔,一半来自石油乙烯。因此采用电石法生产氯乙烯的工厂,转向石油路线时,用此法作为过渡阶段比较简便,可以利用原有设备。
在国内采用重油为原料,经蓄热炉裂解,制成含乙烯25%-30%的混合气,再简易分离去除C3以上组分,制得的稀乙烯,与氯气在35-40℃、三氯化铁存在下,合成二氯乙烷。粗二氯乙烷经闪蒸精制,在管式炉内。其中副产氯化氢送往电石法氯乙烯工序合成氯乙烯。氯乙烯质量可达到聚合要求。
(2)混合烯炔法 以石脑油为原料,经2000℃的温度进行火焰裂解制得乙炔、乙烯混合气,在除去C3以上馏分和焦炭等杂质后,不经分离直接与氯化氢混合,在氯化汞催化剂存在下,乙炔与氯化氢反应生成氯乙烯,分离氯乙烯后的混合气体,通氯气与乙烯合成二氯乙烷;二氯乙烷再经热裂解得氯乙烯和氯化氢,氯化氢经提纯干燥后,送回,与混合气中的乙炔反应,用于合成氯乙烯。
裂解条件:炉温2000℃,常压,烯炔比1.2:1,烯烃产率48%-53%。氯乙烯产率:以乙炔计为95%-98%,以氯气计为99%,以乙烯计为95%-985;二氯乙烷转化率为50%,氯乙烯收率为96%。 75-01-4 preparation
4、电石乙炔法 以电石为原料制乙炔,在以活性炭为载体氯化汞催化剂存在下,与氯化加成而得。
配料摩尔比为:乙炔:氯化氢=1:(1.08-1.1)。乙炔和氯化氢按上述配比混合物后进行列管装有催化剂,借列管外的循环冷却水带走。反应气体中还含有未反应的氯化氢、乙炔和生成的乙醛、1,1-二氯乙烷及顺二氯乙烯、反二氯乙烯等化合物。反应后的粗氯乙烯气体,经水洗塔、碱洗塔,洗去气体中氯化氢及二氧化碳。碱洗后气体,通过干燥塔进行压缩全凝、液化,液体氯乙烯分别送入低沸点塔及高沸点塔,去除高、低沸点物即得聚合级氯乙烯单体。消耗定额(kg/t):乙炔429,氯化氢680,氯化汞2。
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