溴甲烷
溴甲烷用途
用作粮食、木材、仓库杀虫及烟草等土壤消毒，作制药中间体、灭火剂
【用途二】
用作植物保护用的杀虫剂、杀菌剂、谷物熏蒸剂、木材防腐剂、制冷剂、低沸点溶剂等，也用于有机合成
【用途三】
溴甲烷是除草剂苯磺隆、嗪草酮的中间体，也可以作为甲基环氧化剂生产戊唑醇、己唑醇等，并可作为熏蒸剂。
【用途四】
该品为熏蒸剂，可杀虫、鼠和某些病菌。本品沸点低，可直接打开钢瓶阀门，让其气体自动喷出。在25℃以上时，一般使作剂量为0.0027-0.00375kg/m3空间，封仓熏蒸2-3d。也可作为木材防腐剂、制冷剂、低沸点溶剂，用于有机合成，可制一氟一氯甲烷；与氯化苦配制成增湿剂。
【用途五】
该品为熏蒸剂，可杀虫、鼠和某些病菌。也可作为木材防腐剂、制冷剂、低沸点溶剂，用于有机合成，可制一氟一氯甲烷；与氯化钴配制成增湿剂。
溴甲烷名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
74-83-9
[ 中文名 ]:
溴甲烷
[ 英文名 ]:
Methyl bromide
[中文别名 ]:
[英文别名 ]:
- Pestmaster
- Embafume
- methyl bromide
- Terabol
- Methylbromid
- Methane,bromo
- Bercema
- EINECS 200-813-2
- MFCD00000166
溴甲烷物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
3.3 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
[ 沸点 ]:
4 °C(lit.)
[ 熔点 ]:
−94 °C(lit.)
[ 分子式 ]:
CH3Br
[ 分子量 ]:
94.93850
[ 闪点 ]:
-34 °C
[ 精确质量 ]:
93.94180
[ LogP ]:
1.01110
[ 外观性状 ]:
无色气体带有一种像氯仿一样的气味
[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
3.3 (20 °C, vs air)
[ 蒸汽压 ]:
1420 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
[ 折射率 ]:
1.4432
[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与助燃气体分开存放
[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong acids. This is an ozone-depleting chemical, and its use is restricted in many countries.
[ 水溶解性 ]:
1.522 g/100 mL
溴甲烷MSDS
溴甲烷毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- PA4900000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Methane, bromo-
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 74-83-9
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199801
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 78
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C-H3-Br
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 94.95
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- E1
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 60000 ppm/2H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1 gm/m3/2H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - change in clotting factors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 35 ppm
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - anorexia (human) Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Skin and Appendages - corrosive (after topical exposure)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 35 gm/m3/40M-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, irritative (after systemic exposure)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 214 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 302 ppm/8H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 135 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1540 mg/m3/2H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 500 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 28900 mg/m3/30M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 300 ppm/9H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Skin and Appendages - hair
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 21840 mg/kg/2Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Skin and Appendages - hair Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 120 ppm/6H/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/6H/5D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - amino acids (including renal excretion)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 160 ppm/6H/6W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Cardiac - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 300 ppm/4H/3W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 200 ppm/6H/14D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 120 ppm/6H/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 160 ppm/6H/6W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in spleen
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Primate - monkey
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 250 mg/m3/8H/26W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 130 mg/m3/8H/26W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 850 mg/m3/8H/26W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3250 mg/kg/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - peritonitis Gastrointestinal - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Specific locus test
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Micronucleus test
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Micronucleus test
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
- REFERENCE :
- MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 155,41,1985 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 3.9 mg/m3 (1 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,187,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,187,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,245,1987 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 15 ppm (60 mg/m3) (skin) DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,23,1973 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):CL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):CL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):CL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):CL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 ppm (19 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 15 ppm (60 mg/m3);STEL 25 ppm (97 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 20 ppm (80 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 15 ppm (60 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (40 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO METHYL BROMIDE-air:CA lowest feasible concentration REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M0420 No. of Facilities: 597 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 15899 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - M0420 No. of Facilities: 513 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 5603 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 975 (estimated)
溴甲烷安全信息
[ 符号 ]:
GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09
[ 信号词 ]:
Danger
[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H302 + H332-H315-H319-H341-H373-H400-H420
[ 补充危害声明 ]:
May form explosive peroxides.
[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P273-P281-P305 + P351 + P338
[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic
[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R23/25;R36/37/38;R48/20;R50;R59;R68
[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S15-S27-S36/39-S38-S45-S59-S61-S36/37-S26-S24-S16-S7
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1062 2.3
[ WGK德国 ]:
3
[ RTECS号 ]:
PA4900000
[ 危险类别 ]:
2.3
[ 海关编码 ]:
2903399020
溴甲烷合成路线
溴甲烷上下游产品
溴甲烷上游产品
溴甲烷下游产品
溴甲烷制备
1.溴化钠法 将甲醇与硫酸加入溴化钠中，升温至60℃进行反应，制得之溴甲烷气体经冷凝后进碱洗塔（50%氢氧化钠）脱酸，送入硫酸干燥塔脱水，再经精馏制得纯品。
2.氢溴酸法 以甲醇与氢溴酸直接反应制取。
3.溴素法 在水的存在下，用硫、溴和甲醇进行反应。
溴甲烷海关
[ 海关编码 ]: 2903399020
[ 中文概述 ]:
2903399020 溴甲烷〔别名甲基溴〕。监管条件:14abxy。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:0.0%。最低关税:5.5%。普通关税:30.0%
[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途
[ 监管条件 ]: 1.进口许可证 4.出口许可证 A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单 x.出口许可证(加工贸易) y.出口许可证(边境小额贸易)
[ 检验检疫 ]: M.进口商品检验 N.出口商品检验
[ Summary ]:
2903399020 bromomethane。supervision conditions:14abxy。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:0.0%。MFN tarrif:5.5%。general tariff:30.0%
溴甲烷文献
Sci. Total Environ. 409(17) , 3106-13, (2011)
The fumigation of freight containers to protect transported goods from fungal and pest infestation has increased worldwide in the last five years due to international regulations requiring fumigation ...
Reactive films for mitigating methyl bromide emissions from fumigated soil.Environ. Sci. Technol. 45(6) , 2317-22, (2011)
Emissions of methyl bromide (MeBr) from agricultural fumigation can lead to depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, and so its use is being phased out. However, as MeBr is still widely used under ...
A high-throughput direct fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based assay for analyzing apoptotic proteases using flow cytometry and fluorescence lifetime measurements.Anal. Biochem. 491 , 10-7, (2015)
Cytometry is a versatile and powerful method applicable to different fields, particularly pharmacology and biomedical studies. Based on the data obtained, cytometric studies are classified into high-t...
相关化工产品/化学物质：
推荐生产厂家/供应商：
公司名：上海吉至生化科技有限公司
区域：上海市奉贤区
价格：
￥488.0/100ml
￥758.0/1ml
联系人：刘佳
产品详情：溴甲烷
公司名：盘锦研峰科技有限公司
区域：盘锦市盘锦市双台子区
价格：
￥310.0/100ton
联系人：王迎
产品详情：溴甲烷四氢呋喃溶液
公司名：上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司
区域：上海市浦东新区
价格：
￥需询单/1mg
￥需询单/1g
￥需询单/1g
￥需询单/1g
联系人：阿拉丁李高志
产品详情：溴甲烷
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相关化合物
【溴甲烷】化源网提供溴甲烷CAS号74-83-9，溴甲烷MSDS及其说明、性质、英文名、生产厂家、作用/用途、分子量、密度、沸点、熔点、结构式等。CAS号查询溴甲烷上化源网，专业又轻松。>>电脑版：溴甲烷
标题：溴甲烷_MSDS_用途_密度_溴甲烷CAS号【74-83-9】_化源网 地址：https://www.chemsrc.com/amp/cas/74-83-9_895789.html