盐酸硫胺

盐酸硫胺用途

【用途一】
维生素B1对维持正常的神经传导、心脏以及消化系统的正常活动具有重要的作用。缺乏时，易患脚气病或多发性神经炎等症。我国规定可用于婴幼儿食品，使用量为4～8mg/kg；在谷类及其制品中使用量为3.0～5.0mg/kg；在饮液、乳饮料中使用量为1～2mg/kg。本品可用硝酸硫胺素强化，具体用量须经折算。
【用途二】
生化研究，荧光及磷光光度分析磷，临床药物属维生素B族，用于脚气病的预防、多发性神经炎、中枢神经系统损伤等症的治疗。
【用途三】
本品在糖代谢中发挥重要作用。神经组织的能量主要造糖代谢供给，一旦产生缺乏维生素B1时，能量供应障碍，乳酸一丙酮酸堆积，产生多发性神经炎，表现感觉异常、四肢无力、神经肌肉酸痛和萎缩，同时心肌代谢失调，出现心悸、胸闷、心脏肥大、肝瘀血和周围水肿等心菌能不全症状。维素素B1轻度缺乏表列食欲不振而体重下降和衰弱等。用于维生素B1缺乏症、高热、甲状腺机能亢进、大量输入葡萄糖者、全身感染、糖尿病和多性神经炎等。按我国卫生部颁布的《食品营养强化剂使用卫生标准（1993）》规定，维生素B1可用于谷类及其制品、饮料，用量为3-5毫克/公斤，还可用于婴幼儿食品。用量为4-8毫克/公斤。小鼠经口毒性LD507700-15000毫克/公斤。
【用途四】
医药、生化研究。荧光和磷光光度分析磷。荧光测定汞。

盐酸硫胺名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
67-03-8

[ 中文名 ]:
盐酸硫胺

[ 英文名 ]:
Thiamine hydrochloride

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Thiamine Hydrochloride
Aneurine hydrochloride
Vitamin B1 hydrochloride
EINECS 200-641-8
MFCD00012780

盐酸硫胺生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Thiamine hydrochloride 是必需的微量营养素,作为许多中枢代谢酶的辅因子。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他

天然产物 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 神经疾病

[参考文献]

[1]. Moulin M, et al. Analysis of Chlamydomonas thiamin metabolism in vivo reveals riboswitch plasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Sep 3;110(36):14622-7.

[相关活性小分子]

盐酸硫胺物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.401 g/cm3

[ 熔点 ]:
246-254ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₁₂H₁₈Cl₂N₄OS

[ 分子量 ]:
337.268

[ 闪点 ]:
100ºC

[ 精确质量 ]:
336.057831

[ PSA ]:
104.15000

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色晶体粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
H2O: 0.1 g/mL at 20 °C, clear, colorless | 1 g/mL

盐酸硫胺MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

盐酸硫胺毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: XI7350000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Thiamine, chloride, hydrochloride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 67-03-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 19

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C12-H17-N4-O-S.Cl-H.Cl

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 337.30

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T6N CNJ B1 DZ E1- AT5K CSJ D2Q E1 &Q &G &GH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - coma Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Immunological Including Allergic - anaphylaxis

REFERENCE :: AJEMEN American Journal of Emergency Medicine. (WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,371,1995

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3710 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: AGACBH Agents and Actions, A Swiss Journal of Pharmacology. (Birkhaeuser Verlag, POB 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1969/70- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,125,1974

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 481 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: FRPPAO Farmaco, Edizione Pratica. (Casella Postale 227, 27100 Pavia, Italy) V.8-43 1953-88 For publisher information, see FRMCE8 Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,712,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 560 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,623,1956

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 118 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 236,149,1959

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 8224 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IZVIAK Internationale Zeitschrift fuer Vitaminforschung. International Review of Vitamin Research. (Bern, Switzerland) V.19-40, 1947-70. For publisher information, see IJVNAP. Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,82,1967

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD277-689

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 74 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: FRPPAO Farmaco, Edizione Pratica. (Casella Postale 227, 27100 Pavia, Italy) V.8-43 1953-88 For publisher information, see FRMCE8 Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,712,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 75 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,623,1956

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 117 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,153,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 872 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,623,1956

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 140 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,623,1956

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - pigeon

DOSE/DURATION :: 180 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,623,1956

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 2600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,1,1959 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 8540 mg/kg/28D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: FRPPAO Farmaco, Edizione Pratica. (Casella Postale 227, 27100 Pavia, Italy) V.8-43 1953-88 For publisher information, see FRMCE8 Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,712,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 11200 mg/kg/28D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,623,1956 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 72200 No. of Facilities: 1288 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 18364 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 72200 No. of Facilities: 1872 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 28 No. of Employees: 48078 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 31774 (estimated)

盐酸硫胺安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S37/39

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
XI7350000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2934100090

盐酸硫胺合成路线

详细合成路线

盐酸硫胺上下游产品

盐酸硫胺上游产品

盐酸硫胺下游产品

盐酸硫胺制备

【方法一】
维生素B1自然存在于米糠、麸皮、瘦肉、花生米等食物中，纯品通常由化学合成制备。过量的盐酸乙脒在碱性(甲醇和甲醇钠)介质中与α-二甲氧基-β-甲氧基丙腈缩合为3，6-二甲基-1，2-二氢-2，4，5，7-四氮萘，然后在98～100℃下水解，再在碱性条件下开环生成2-甲基-4-氨基-5-氨甲基嘧啶；接着与二硫化碳和氨水作用，然后与乙酸-γ-氯代-γ-乙酰丙酯缩合，再在盐酸中、75～78℃下水解和环合成硫代硫胺盐酸盐，最后用氨水中和、过氧化氢氧化、盐酸酸化得硫胺盐酸盐。
【方法二】
乙脒与α-二甲氧甲基-β-甲氧基丙腈在醇钠作用下，经缩合、水解生成嘧啶衍生物，后者与二氧化碳、氨水反应、再与乙酸-γ-氯代-δ-乙酰丙酯缩合、酸性水解及环合得硫代硫胺盐酸盐，经氨水中和，过氧化氢氧化，硝酸铵转化成硝酸硫胺，最后加盐酸制得。
【方法三】
天然品存在于米糠、胚芽、酵母及豆类等中，可由米糠或酵母水解后提取得到。合成法方法甚多。可由4-氨基-2-甲基-5-乙酰氨甲基嘧啶经水解、加成缩合、环合水解、氧化、置换等步骤制得。

盐酸硫胺海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2934100090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2934100090. 结构上含有一个非稠合噻唑环的化合物(不论是否氢化). 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:9.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:20.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2934100090 other compounds containing an unfused thiazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:20.0%

盐酸硫胺文献

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The purpose of this work is the evaluation of the nutritional status of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), based on the level of vitamin C in urine and vitamins A and E in serum, using the fast, sele...

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