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蔗糖

蔗糖用途

Sucrose 是由两种单糖,葡萄糖和果糖组成的二糖。

蔗糖名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
57-50-1

[ 中文名 ]:
蔗糖

[ 英文名 ]:
sucrose

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

GNE 410
Microse
amerfand
D(+)-Sucrose
SACCHARUM
sugar powder
SUGAR
Micr
Sugartab
SUCROSE

蔗糖生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Sucrose 是由两种单糖,葡萄糖和果糖组成的二糖。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

天然产物 >> 糖和糖苷

[体内研究]

蔗糖是一种二糖,由两种单糖,葡萄糖和果糖组成。与饲料喂养相比,高能量(HE)喂养导致两种菌株中蔗糖溶液的总体偏好降低。具体地,相对于食物喂养,肥胖倾向(OP)大鼠在HE喂养期间更喜欢0.3M和1.0M蔗糖溶液(分别为P = 0.046和P = 0.012)。同样,与喂食食物的对应物相比,肥胖抵抗(OR)大鼠对HE喂养的0.01 M,0.03 M和1.0 M蔗糖的偏好降低(分别为P <0.0001,P = 0.043和P = 0.013) 。与OR动物相比,食物喂养的OP大鼠消耗的0.03和0.1M蔗糖溶液显着减少(两者均P <0.0001),而HE喂养的OP大鼠仅消耗较少的0.1M蔗糖溶液(P <0.05), HE喂养的OR大鼠[1]。

[动物实验]

在该研究中使用总共66只雄性8周龄Sprague-Dawley肥胖倾向（OP）和肥胖抗性（OR）大鼠（每个表型n = 38），分别重275g和210g。在恢复并获得手术前重量后，大鼠进行三次60分钟假喂食期的训练试验，其中含有0.03M蔗糖溶液。在测试期间，将大鼠短暂地剥夺水（0900至1600小时）而不是食物，并且测试1小时（1400至1500小时）假摄取0.03M蔗糖溶液直至达到稳定的基线。然后，每隔一天以随机顺序将大鼠与三种蔗糖溶液（0.03,0.3和1.0M）中的一种进行假喂食，每种浓度测试至少两次。每5分钟记录一次蔗糖摄入60分钟[1]。

[参考文献]

[1]. Duca FA, et al. Effect of diet on preference and intake of sucrose in obese prone and resistant rats. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 20;9(10):e111232.

[相关活性小分子]

蔗糖物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
697.1±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
185-187 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

[ 分子量 ]:
342.297

[ 闪点 ]:
375.4±31.5 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
342.116211

[ PSA ]:
189.53000

[ LogP ]:
-3.48

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色晶体或粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±5.0 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.656

[ 储存条件 ]:
存放于惰性气体之中;避免湿气 (吸湿)

[ 水溶解性 ]:
1970 g/L (15 ºC)

蔗糖MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

蔗糖毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: WN6500000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Sucrose

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 57-50-1

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 36

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C12-H22-O11

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 342.34

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T6OTJ CQ DQ EQ F1Q BO- BT5OTJ B1Q CQ DQ E1Q -GLU,FRUC

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 29700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 14000 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - domestic

DOSE/DURATION :: 40 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1548 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 21 day(s) pre-mating female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 683 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - hepatobiliary system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 683 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 54810 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 15-35 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 189,15,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD:NUISANCE PARTICULATES DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,28,1973 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SUCROSE, respirable fraction-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SUCROSE, total dust-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81515 No. of Facilities: 12044 (estimated) No. of Industries: 101 No. of Occupations: 86 No. of Employees: 121005 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81515 No. of Facilities: 15179 (estimated) No. of Industries: 108 No. of Occupations: 110 No. of Employees: 368912 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 169962 (estimated)

蔗糖安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
WN6500000

[ 海关编码 ]:
1701991090

蔗糖合成路线

详细合成路线

蔗糖上下游产品

蔗糖上游产品

蔗糖下游产品

蔗糖制备

1.蔗糖大量来自甘蔗糖和甜菜，甘蔗含蔗糖约15-20%，甜菜含10-17%。其他各种果实、种子、叶、花、根中也有不同的含量。将甘蔗榨出法液或将甜菜切片用水提出糖汁，用石灰澄清法或兼用亚硫酸饱充法，除去糖汁中的杂质，过滤后将滤液真空蒸浓，再结晶分离而得粗糖，再经脱色、重结晶而得精糖。

2.将普通蔗糖溶于水中，过滤，然后减压蒸发即可得纯品。

蔗糖海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 1701991090

蔗糖文献

Salicylic acid signaling controls the maturation and localization of the arabidopsis defense protein ACCELERATED CELL DEATH6.

Mol. Plant 7(8) , 1365-83, (2014)

ACCELERATED CELL DEATH6 (ACD6) is a multipass membrane protein with an ankyrin domain that acts in a positive feedback loop with the defense signal salicylic acid (SA). This study implemented biochemi...

G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 is anatomically positioned to modulate synaptic plasticity in the mouse hippocampus.

J. Neurosci. 35(6) , 2384-97, (2015)

Both estrous cycle and sex affect the numbers and types of neuronal and glial profiles containing the classical estrogen receptors α and β, and synaptic levels in the rodent dorsal hippocampus. Here, ...

Itraconazole suppresses the growth of glioblastoma through induction of autophagy: involvement of abnormal cholesterol trafficking.

Autophagy 10(7) , 1241-55, (2014)

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive human cancers with poor prognosis, and therefore a critical need exists for novel therapeutic strategies for management of glioblastoma patients. Itraconazol...

更多文献

蔗糖