异丙醚

异丙醚用途

【用途一】
用作溶剂，用于乙酸或丁酸的稀溶液的浓缩回收，在湿法腈纶工艺中用作硫氰酸钠的萃取溶剂
【用途二】
用作色谱分析标准物质、溶剂及萃取剂，也用于有机合成
【用途三】
二异丙醚是动物、植物及矿物性油脂的良好溶剂，可用于从烟草中抽提尼古丁；也是石蜡及树脂的良好溶剂，工业上常将二异丙醚和其他溶剂混合应用于石蜡基油品的脱蜡工艺。作为溶剂也应用于制药、无烟火药、涂料及油漆清洗等方面，二异丙醚具有高辛烷值及抗冻性能，可用为汽油掺合剂。本品易形成过氧化物，在振摇时产生爆炸，常加入对苄基氨基苯酚作稳定剂。二异丙醚的麻醉作用较乙醚轻，但麻醉的持续时间长。
【用途四】
用作溶剂，还用于乙酸或丁酸稀溶液的浓缩回收

异丙醚名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
108-20-3

[ 中文名 ]:
异丙醚

[ 英文名 ]:
Isopropyl ether

[中文别名 ]:

二异丙基醚

[英文别名 ]:

2-(propan-2-yloxy)propane
ether, isopropyl
Diiospropyl ether
izopropylowyeter
Isopropyl oxide
Ether,isopropyl
Isoprpyl ether
i-propyl ether
Isopropyl ether
Propane, 2,2'-oxybis-

异丙醚物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
68.3±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
-85.5 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆H₁₄O

[ 分子量 ]:
102.175

[ 闪点 ]:
-12.8±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
102.104462

[ PSA ]:
9.23000

[ LogP ]:
1.68

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
3.5 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
152.3±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.384

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂,酸类分开储运存放

[ 水溶解性 ]:
9 g/L (20 ºC)

异丙醚MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

异丙醚毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: TZ5425000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Propane, 2,2'-oxybis-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 108-20-3

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 44

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C6-H14-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 102.20

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: 1Y1&OY1&1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

REFERENCE :: UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4/10/1968 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 8470 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4/10/1968

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 162 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5880 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 131 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 812 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: SCCUR* Shell Chemical Company. Unpublished Report. (2401 Crow Canyon Rd., San Romon, CA 94583) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,5,1961

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 6 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

REFERENCE :: JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 21(3),72,1939

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 121 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 20 mL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4/10/1968

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 6 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 130 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2090 mg/m3/5H/22W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Blood - other changes

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3300 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight

REFERENCE :: JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,29,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2090 mg/m3/5H/22W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Liver - liver function tests impaired

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(10),55,1975 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 3095 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

REFERENCE :: JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,29,1996 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 1300 mg/m3 (310 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 1040 mg/m3 (250 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,142,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3);STEL 310 ppm (1320 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 250 ppm (1040 mg/m3);STEL 310 ppm (1300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 1000 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3);STEL 310 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ISOPROPYL ETHER-air:10H TWA 500 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 25905 No. of Facilities: 952 (estimated) No. of Industries: 11 No. of Occupations: 11 No. of Employees: 12024 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 25905 No. of Facilities: 130 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 11 No. of Employees: 3253 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1126 (estimated)

异丙醚安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H336-H412

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
May form explosive peroxides., Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P273

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R19;R66;R67

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S9-S16-S29-S33

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1159 3/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
TZ5425000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2909199090

异丙醚合成路线

详细合成路线

异丙醚上下游产品

异丙醚上游产品

异丙醚下游产品

异丙醚制备

1.工业上，可从丙烯硫酸水合制异丙醇的副产品中回收。丙烯与硫酸反应生成异丙基氢硫酸酯，然后水解为异丙醇。反应过程中，异丙基氢硫酸酯与丙烯继续反应亦生成二异丙基硫酸酯，后者与异丙醇反应生成异丙基氢硫酸酯和二异丙醚。当硫酸水合反应后的物料在解吸塔用蒸汽汽提，使异丙醇与二异丙醚从酸液中释出后，通过蒸馏，从塔顶首先获得二异丙醚。在实验室中，异丙醚可由异丙醇用硫酸脱水得到，也可由异丙醇与丙酮加氢反应来制取。还可由异丙醇与丙烯催化缩合而成。离子交换树脂法也可制取二异丙醚。

2.将异丙醇和浓硫酸混合，加热使之回流，边回流边分出反应生成的水，当水不再生成时，反应结束：

降温后，将反应液倒入冷水，静置分层，弃去水层。油层先经水洗除去未反应的醇，然后加入高锰酸钾溶液，除去烯烃并水洗，用硫酸亚铁水溶液除去过氧化物后水洗，再用氢氧化钠溶液中和所含的酸后用水洗至中性，静置分层，弃去水层，醚层用无水氯化钙干燥脱水，滤去固体干燥剂后，常压蒸馏，收集67～69℃的馏份，即为成品异丙醚。高纯异丙醇可采用含70%异丙醇的废水溶液，先与苯共沸蒸馏，除去水分，冷却后经孔径为0.8μm、0.45μm和0.2μm的三层聚四氟乙烯膜过滤所得。产品中含99.9%的异丙醇、0.1%的水、0.4×10^-6 Ca和0.01～0.09×10^-6的其他阳离子杂质（如 K、Mg、Cr 、Fe和Na）。

异丙醚海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2909199090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2909199090. 其他无环醚及其卤化衍生物（包括磺化，硝化或亚硝化衍生物）. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:5.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2909199090. other acyclic ethers and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:5.5%. General tariff:30.0%

异丙醚文献

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Metabolic study of androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione in horses using liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry.

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Characterization of a highly sensitive and selective novel trapping reagent, stable isotope labeled glutathione ethyl ester, for the detection of reactive metabolites.

J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods 76 , 83-95, (2015)

Glutathione (GSH) trapping assays are widely used to predict the post-marketing risk for idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) in the pharmaceutical industry. Although several GSH derivatives have been ...

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异丙醚