Abstract Purpose. Optimization of the therapeutic ratio of analogs of the topically active 11- cis, 13-cis-12-hydroxymethylretinoic acid, δ-lactone (1) relative to antihyperproliferation and antihyperkeratinization vs. toxicity. Methods. Nine analogs of 1, in which variations were made in the lipophilic cyclohexenyl moiety or in the lactone ring, were evaluated for topical activity against hyperkeratinization, inhibition of TPA-induced DNA synthesis and for skin ...