Josamycin

Names

[ Name ]:
Josamycin

[Synonym ]:
(2S,3R,4R,6S)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-{[(4R,6S,7R,9R,10R,11E,13E,16R)-4-Acetoxy-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-9,16-dimethyl-2-oxo-7-(2-oxoethyl)oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-6-yl]oxy}-4-(dimethylamino)-5-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl]oxy}-4-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl 3-methylbutanoate
Iosalide
4-(acetyloxy)-6-((3,6-dideoxy-4-O-(2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-4-O-(3-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-α-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl)-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-9,16-dimethyl-2-oxooxacyclohexadeca-11,13-diene-7-acetaldehyde
Vilprafen
Leucomycin V 3-Acetate 4B-(3-Methylbutanoate)
MFCD00211043
Leucomycin A3
EN 141
Josamina
EINECS 240-871-6
JOSAMYCIN
carbomycin B
Jomybel
(2S,3R,4R,6S)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-{[(4R,6S,7R,9R,10R,11E,13E,16R)-4-(acetyloxy)-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-9,16-dimethyl-2-oxo-7-(2-oxoethyl)oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-6-yl]oxy}-4-(dimethylamino)-5-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl]oxy}-4-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl 3-methylbutanoate (non-preferred name)
YL-704A3
Wilprafen
Josacine
(2S,3R,4R,6S)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-{[(4R,6S,7R,9R,10R,11E,13E,16R)-4-Acetoxy-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-9,16-dimethyl-2-oxo-7-(2-oxoethyl)oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-6-yl]oxy}-4-(dimethylamino)-5-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl]oxy}-4-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl 3-methylbutanoate (non-preferred name)

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Josamycin (EN-141) is a macrolide antibiotic exhibiting antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens, such as bacteria. The dissociation constant Kd from ribosome for Josamycin is 5.5 nM.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial

Research Areas >> Infection

[Target]

Kd: 5.5 nM (ribosome)[1]

[In Vitro]

Studies show that the average lifetime on the ribosome is 3 h for Josamycin and that the dissociation constants for Josamycin binding to the ribosome is 5.5 nM. Josamycin slows down formation of the first peptide bond of a nascent peptide in an amino acid-dependent way and completely inhibits formation of the second or third peptide bond, depending on peptide sequence at a saturating drug concentration, synthesis of fulllength proteins is completely shut down by Josamycin. At a saturating drug concentration, synthesis of fulllength proteins is completely shut down by Josamycin[1].

[In Vivo]

Blood and tissue levels of Josamycin after oral administration are 200 mg/kg to rabbits. Tissue levels are generally much higher than the blood levels, and 3 h after the administration, when the blood level is very low, the tissue levels are rather higher than those 1 h after the dose. One hour after the medication, the level in the lungs is the highest of all the tissue levels[2].

[Kinase Assay]

Josamycin is prepared in polymix buffer, containing 5 mM magnesium acetate, 5 mM ammonium chloride, 95 mM potassium chloride, 0.5 mM calcium chloride, 8 mM putrescine, 1 mM spermidine, 5 mM potassium phosphate, and 1 mM dithioerythritol. Josamycin at different concentrations (2, 3, 4, and 6 μM is added to preinitiated ribosomes to start the incubation. One volume of elongation mix is added to 1 volume of reaction mix at each incubation time, and after 10 s the reaction is quenched with formic acid. The association rates are estimated from the fraction of tri-peptide-forming ribosomes[1].

[Animal admin]

Rat: Tritium-labelled Josamycin (200 mg/kg) is orally administrated to rats. The blood and tissue levels are determined at 1 h and 3 h by bioassay[2]. Mouse: Tritium-labelled Josamycin (200 mg/kg) is orally administrated to mice. The blood and tissue levels are determined at 1 h and 3 h by bioassay[2].

[References]

[1]. Lovmar M, et al. Kinetics of macrolide action: the Josamycin and erythromycin cases. J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 17;279(51):53506-15.

[2]. Osono T, et al. Pharmacokinetics of macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1985 Jul;16 Suppl A:151-66.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
877.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
131.5℃

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₄₂H₆₉NO₁₅

[ Molecular Weight ]:
827.995

[ Flash Point ]:
484.7±34.3 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
827.466736

[ PSA ]:
206.05000

[ LogP ]:
3.88

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.535

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: OH4725810

CHEMICAL NAME :: Leucomycin V, 3-acetate 4(sup B)-(3-methylbutanoate)

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 16846-24-5

LAST UPDATED :: 199603

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 13

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C42-H69-N-O15

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 828.12

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T-16-OV KU MUTJ DOV1 EO1 G1VH I1 JQ P1 FO- BT6OTJ CQ DN1&1 F1 EO- FT6OTJ B1 COV1Y1&1 DQ D1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,364,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,364,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,364,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 390 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIPDAD Nihon Daigaku No-juigakubu Gakujutsu Kenkyu Hokoku. Research Reports of the College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University. (Nihon Daigaku Nojuigakkai, 34-1 Shimouma, 3-chome, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154, Japan) No.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: (35),41,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 6400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,1565,1984

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 780 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GDA2 "CRC Handbook of Antibiotic Compounds," Vols.1- , Berdy, J., Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,85,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,364,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 385 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIPDAD Nihon Daigaku No-juigakubu Gakujutsu Kenkyu Hokoku. Research Reports of the College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University. (Nihon Daigaku Nojuigakkai, 34-1 Shimouma, 3-chome, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154, Japan) No.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: (35),41,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 520 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HINAAU Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin. (Hindustan Antibiotics, Ltd., Pimpri, Poona, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,26,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 786 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HINAAU Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin. (Hindustan Antibiotics, Ltd., Pimpri, Poona, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,26,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 385 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HINAAU Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin. (Hindustan Antibiotics, Ltd., Pimpri, Poona, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,26,1969 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 9 gm/kg/5W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

REFERENCE :: JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,219,1969 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 21 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-13 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :: JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,219,1969

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
2

[ RTECS ]:
OH4725810

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