喹啉

喹啉用途

【用途一】
用作有机合成试剂、碱性缩合剂和溶剂
【用途二】
用作分析试剂、溶剂，也用于钒酸盐及砷酸盐的分离
【用途三】
喹啉用于制备烟酸类及羟基喹啉类药物、菁蓝色素和感光色素、橡胶促进剂以及农药8-羟基喹啉酮等产品。大鼠口服LD50为460mg/kg。

喹啉名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
91-22-5

[ 中文名 ]:
喹啉

[ 英文名 ]:
leucoline

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

1-Azanaphthalene
Chinolin
EINECS 202-051-6
1-Benzazine
Quinolin
Chinoline
leucoline
Leucol
β-Quinoline
Quinoline

喹啉物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.1±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
234.1±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
−17-−13 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₉H₇N

[ 分子量 ]:
129.159

[ 闪点 ]:
101.1±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
129.057846

[ PSA ]:
12.89000

[ LogP ]:
2.08

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色至棕色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
4.5 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.1±0.4 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.642

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类、食品添加剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. May discolour on exposure to light. Hygroscopic - protect from moisture. Reacts violently and unpredictably with some materials, especially strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
slightly soluble

喹啉MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

喹啉毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: VA9275000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Quinoline

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 91-22-5

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 32

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C9-H7-N

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 129.17

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T66 BNJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 331 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 540 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7770 mg/kg/37W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 gm/kg/30W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 9042 ug/kg/15D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 23 gm/kg/30W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

DOSE/DURATION :: 110 ug/L

REFERENCE :: ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1,1985 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84566 No. of Facilities: 258 (estimated) No. of Industries: 7 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 29238 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84566 No. of Facilities: 456 (estimated) No. of Industries: 9 No. of Occupations: 16 No. of Employees: 4241 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 810 (estimated)

喹啉安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H301-H312-H315-H319-H341-H350-H411

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P273-P280-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P308 + P313

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R21/22;R37/38;R40;R41;R68

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36/37/39-S36-S23

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2656 6.1/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
VA9275000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2933499090

喹啉合成路线

详细合成路线

喹啉上下游产品

喹啉上游产品

喹啉下游产品

喹啉制备

1.喹啉可从煤焦油的洗油或萘油中提取。萘油馏分和洗油馏分用稀硫酸洗涤，得到硫酸喹啉盐基溶液，用蒸气蒸去除中性油等杂质，再用碱或氨分解。分离出来的粗喹啉及其同系物经脱水后，用高产蒸馏塔精馏，切取沸程为237.5-239.5℃的馏分段，可以得到含喹啉83%、异喹啉15%的粗喹啉。将粗喹啉用浓度为60%的磷酸水溶液处理，冷却后过滤，即得到喹啉磷酸盐结晶。用碱分解后，产品纯度为90%-92%。重复用磷酸处理、重结晶，可得纯度为98%-99%的喹啉。合成喹啉最有代表性的方法是斯克洛浦合成：用苯胺、甘油、硫酸和氧化剂（如硝基苯）一起加热，经环化脱氢而生成喹啉。

精制方法：粗产品中含有异喹啉和2-甲基喹啉等杂质，蒸馏两次后纯度可达93%(b.p. 237~238.2 ℃)，由于其中尚含有异喹啉，可加入少量盐酸，使异喹啉形成盐酸盐，于20℃过滤后，将滤液分馏可得纯度99%喹啉。此外，也可以利用喹啉与重铬酸形成的盐(2C9H7N-H2Cr2O7)溶解度小进行精制。其他的精制方法尚有：将重蒸馏过的喹啉用冰冷却，加入过量的盐酸形成盐酸盐。重氮化以除去苯胺，将溶液加热到60℃破坏重氮化合物。非碱性杂质用乙醚萃取除去。加碱使喹啉游离出，固体氢氧化钾干燥后减压分馏。

2.在硝基苯、硫酸亚铁和浓硫酸的存在下，苯胺与甘油反应可生成喹啉：

精品可用水蒸气蒸馏，然后用氢氧化钠脱水后再减压蒸馏即可。

将9.4mol甘油、2.3mol苯胺、1.4mol硝基苯、80g硫酸亚铁粉末和400ml浓硫酸混合均匀，慢慢加热至沸腾开始即停止加热，使其反应：

反应变缓和后，再加热沸腾5h。之后，冷却，加少量水进行水蒸气蒸馏以蒸出硝基苯，小心地用40%的氢氧化钠溶液调节溶液呈碱性，中和放出的热能使溶液沸腾，待稍缓和后，通入蒸汽，将喹啉全部蒸出，冷却后分出喹啉层，加入150ml浓硫酸，冷却至0～5℃，边搅拌边加入亚硝酸钠至淀粉碘化钾试纸变蓝，然后，加热至不再产生大量气泡，采用水蒸气蒸馏赶尽全部挥发物，再用40%的氢氧化钠溶液调节溶液呈碱性，重复上述方法，将喹啉全部蒸出，如此得到的喹啉，用粒状氢氧化钠干燥，减压蒸馏，在1862Pa下收集110～114℃馏分，即可得成品喹啉。

喹啉海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2933499090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2933499090. 其他含喹琳或异喹啉环系的化合物〔但未进一步稠合的〕. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:20.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 乌洛托品请注明外观, 6－己内酰胺请注明外观, 签约日期

[ Summary ]:
2933499090. other compounds containing in the structure a quinoline or isoquinoline ring-system (whether or not hydrogenated), not further fused. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

喹啉文献

The ionization mechanisms in direct and dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization and atmospheric pressure laser ionization.

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 25(11) , 1870-81, (2014)

A novel, gas-tight API interface for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to study the ionization mechanism in direct and dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) and atmos...

Convenient QSAR model for predicting the complexation of structurally diverse compounds with β-cyclodextrins

Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17 , 896-904, (2009)

This paper reports a QSAR study for predicting the complexation of a large and heterogeneous variety of substances (233 organic compounds) with beta-cyclodextrins (beta-CDs). Several different theoret...

QSAR study and synthesis of new phenyltropanes as ligands of the dopamine transporter (DAT).

Bioorg. Med. Chem. 20 , 1388-95, (2012)

The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of dopamine neurotransmission, and is involved in a number of physiological functions and brain disorders. Furthermore the DAT ana...

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喹啉