依诺沙星

依诺沙星用途

【用途一】
广谱抗菌素，用于治疗革兰阴性及阳性细菌引起的泌尿、耳、鼻、喉及浅表化脓性疾患等多种感染
【用途二】
喹诺酮类广谱抗感染药，对革兰阳性和阴性菌及葡萄糖非发酵菌有抗菌作用。适用于治疗呼吸系统感染，消化道感染，泌尿生殖系统感染以及皮肤、耳鼻眼喉感染，妇科疾病感染
【用途三】
该品为第三代喹诺酮类药。体内抗菌作用较氟哌酸强2-9倍。临床用球必尿系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、耳鼻喉、皮肤及软组织感染等。

依诺沙星名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
74011-58-8

[ 中文名 ]:
依诺沙星

[ 英文名 ]:
Enoxacin

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

MFCD00133308
enoram
Enoxacin
FLUMARK
Abenox
ENX
Gyramid
Enoxor
ci919
at-2266

依诺沙星生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Enoxacin是广谱抗菌剂。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌

研究领域 >> 感染

[参考文献]

[1]. Chin, N.-X. and H.C. Neu, In vitro activity of enoxacin, a quinolone carboxylic acid, compared with those of norfloxacin, new beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1983. 24(5): p. 754-763.

[2]. Wijnands, W., T. Vree, and C. Herwaarden, Enoxacin decreases the clearance of theophylline in man. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1985. 20(6): p. 583-588.

[相关活性小分子]

依诺沙星物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.4±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
569.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
220-224ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₁₅H₁₇FN₄O₃

[ 分子量 ]:
320.319

[ 闪点 ]:
298.4±30.1 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
320.128479

[ PSA ]:
87.46000

[ LogP ]:
0.55

[ 外观性状 ]:
灰白色至黄色晶体

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.599

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

依诺沙星毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: QN2800000

CHEMICAL NAME :: 1,8-Naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 74011-58-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 15

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C15-H17-F-N4-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 320.36

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T66 BV EN GNJ CVQ E2 IF H- DT6M DNTJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - ataxia Skin and Appendages - hair

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 236 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 327 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: >1600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - food intake (animal) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: >1600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - food intake (animal) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 90 gm/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in calcium

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 273 gm/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1680 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 91 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 13 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 11 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in microorganisms

TEST SYSTEM :: Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 ng/plate

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 281,207,1992

依诺沙星安全信息

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
26-36/37

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
QN2800000

[ 海关编码 ]:
29335995

依诺沙星合成路线

详细合成路线

依诺沙星上下游产品

依诺沙星上游产品

依诺沙星下游产品

依诺沙星制备

方法1：以2，6-二羟基-5-氟烟酰胺为原料，经氯化、酯化、与乙酰哌嗪缩合、与3-乙胺基丙酸乙酯缩合、环化、脱氢、水解得产品。该路线条件温和，路线较短，但需特殊试剂四氯苯醌。国内目前主要采用该法。

方法2：另一条路线是以2，6-二氯-3-硝基吡啶为原料，经与乙氧羰基哌嗪缩合后，再经氨解、乙酰化、还原、重氮化、氟化、水解、与EMME缩合、环合乙基化、水解得产品。该法氟化反应不易控制、环化需高温，工艺条件苛刻。

依诺沙星海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 29335995