Zinc Pyrithione

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 10:20:09

Zinc Pyrithione Structure
Zinc Pyrithione structure
 Common Name Zinc Pyrithione
CAS Number 13463-41-7 Molecular Weight 317.722
Density 1.782 g/cm3 (25ºC) Boiling Point 253.8ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C10H8N2O2S2Zn Melting Point 262ºC
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 107.3ºC
Symbol GHS05 GHS06 GHS09
GHS05, GHS06, GHS09		 Signal Word Danger

 Use of Zinc Pyrithione


Zinc Pyrithione is an antifungal and antibacterial agent disrupting membrane transport by blocking the proton pump.Target: Proton PumpZinc pyrithione is considered as a coordination complex of zinc. The pyrithione ligands, which are formally monoanions, are chelated to Zn 2+ via oxygen and sulfur centers. In the crystalline state, zinc pyrithione exists as a centrosymmetric dimer, where each zinc is bonded to two sulfur and three oxygen centers. In solution, however, the dimers dissociate via scission of one Zn-O bond. Zinc pyrithione, which is a dimer but is probably biologically active as a monomer, induces plasma membrane depolarization with half-maximal effect (K1/2) of about 0.3 mM [1]. Zinc pyrithione is an unusual synthetic potentiator that potently activates both heterologous and native M channels by inducing channel opening at the resting potential [2]. Zinc pyrithione rapidly accumulated in the tissues of the exposed mussels, proportionately to both exposure concentration and time. Even though the 7-d median lethal concentration (LC50) = 8.27 μM established here appears high with respect to reported ZnPT environmental concentrations, the results indicate that this biocide could represent a threat for marine organisms in coastal environments and that further investigations on its biological effects at sublethal doses are needed [3].

 Names

Name zinc pyrithione
Synonym More Synonyms

 Zinc Pyrithione Biological Activity

Description Zinc Pyrithione is an antifungal and antibacterial agent disrupting membrane transport by blocking the proton pump.Target: Proton PumpZinc pyrithione is considered as a coordination complex of zinc. The pyrithione ligands, which are formally monoanions, are chelated to Zn 2+ via oxygen and sulfur centers. In the crystalline state, zinc pyrithione exists as a centrosymmetric dimer, where each zinc is bonded to two sulfur and three oxygen centers. In solution, however, the dimers dissociate via scission of one Zn-O bond. Zinc pyrithione, which is a dimer but is probably biologically active as a monomer, induces plasma membrane depolarization with half-maximal effect (K1/2) of about 0.3 mM [1]. Zinc pyrithione is an unusual synthetic potentiator that potently activates both heterologous and native M channels by inducing channel opening at the resting potential [2]. Zinc pyrithione rapidly accumulated in the tissues of the exposed mussels, proportionately to both exposure concentration and time. Even though the 7-d median lethal concentration (LC50) = 8.27 μM established here appears high with respect to reported ZnPT environmental concentrations, the results indicate that this biocide could represent a threat for marine organisms in coastal environments and that further investigations on its biological effects at sublethal doses are needed [3].
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Ermolayeva, E. and D. Sanders, Mechanism of pyrithione-induced membrane depolarization in Neurospora crassa. Appl Environ Microbiol, 1995. 61(9): p. 3385-90.

[2]. Xiong, Q., H. Sun, and M. Li, Zinc pyrithione-mediated activation of voltage-gated KCNQ potassium channels rescues epileptogenic mutants. Nat Chem Biol, 2007. 3(5): p. 287-96.

[3]. Marcheselli, M., C. Rustichelli, and M. Mauri, Novel antifouling agent zinc pyrithione: determination, acute toxicity, and bioaccumulation in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Environ Toxicol Chem, 2010. 29(11): p. 2583-92.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.782 g/cm3 (25ºC)
Boiling Point 253.8ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 262ºC
Molecular Formula C10H8N2O2S2Zn
Molecular Weight 317.722
Flash Point 107.3ºC
Exact Mass 315.931854
PSA 101.52000
LogP 3.34050
Vapour Pressure 0.00275mmHg at 25°C
Water Solubility Insoluble (

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
ZH0950000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Zinc, bis(2-pyridylthio)-, N,N'-dioxide
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
13463-41-7
LAST UPDATED :
199710
DATA ITEMS CITED :
27
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C10-H8-N2-O2-S2-Zn
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
317.69
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T6NJ AO BS-ZN-S- BT6NJ AO

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
REFERENCE :
JANCA2 Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (Assoc. of Official Analytical Chemists, 1111 N. 19th St., Suite 210, Arlington, VA 22209) V.49- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 56,905,1973 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
177 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TOANDB Toxicology Annual. (New York, NY) 1974/75-79. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,1,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
140 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0527753-1
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,1,1978
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
26800 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,1067,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
730 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,1,1978
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,1,1978
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,269,1966
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,269,1966
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,965,1981
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,269,1966
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
>2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,425,1965
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
140 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
EPASR* United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460) History unknown. Volume(issue)/page/year: 8EHQ-0790-1035 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
42 mg/kg/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve Behavioral - muscle weakness Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,153,1990
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
300 mg/kg/15D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
50TXAR "Cutaneous Toxicity, base on Papers presented at the Conference on Cutaneous Toxictiy, 5th, New York, May 6-18, 1982," Drill, V.A. and P. Lazar eds. Raven Press 1984 Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,109,1984
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
350 mg/kg/14D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - retinal changes (pigmentary depositions, retinitis, other) Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,771,1978
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
840 mg/kg/28D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,771,1978
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg/8D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,771,1978 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
150 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,639,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
75 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,639,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
1065 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 week(s) pre-mating female 1-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,639,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
65 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,639,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
1300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,639,1979 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 83016 No. of Facilities: 43 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 387 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS05 GHS06 GHS09
GHS05, GHS06, GHS09
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H301 + H331-H318-H410
Precautionary Statements P261-P273-P280-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P311
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes T+
Risk Phrases R24/25
Safety Phrases S26-S28-S36/37/39-S45
RIDADR UN 2811 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany 3
RTECS ZH0950000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1(b)
HS Code 2933399010

 Synthetic Route

pyrithione sodium structure

pyrithione sodium

CAS#:15922-78-8
Zinc chloride structure

Zinc chloride

CAS#:7646-85-7

~97%

Zinc Pyrithione Structure

Zinc Pyrithione

CAS#:13463-41-7
Literature: KOLON INDUSTRIES, INC. Patent: EP1695963 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 4-5 ;
zinc sulfate monohydrate structure

zinc sulfate mo...

CAS#:100685-55-0
pyrithione sodium structure

pyrithione sodium

CAS#:15922-78-8

~%

Zinc Pyrithione Structure

Zinc Pyrithione

CAS#:13463-41-7
Literature: US6432432 B1, ;
Zinc nitrate hexahydrate structure

Zinc nitrate he...

CAS#:10196-18-6
pyrithione sodium structure

pyrithione sodium

CAS#:15922-78-8

~%

Zinc Pyrithione Structure

Zinc Pyrithione

CAS#:13463-41-7
Literature: Thermochimica Acta, , vol. 186, p. 43 - 52

 Customs

HS Code 2933399090
Summary 2933399090. other compounds containing an unfused pyridine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

 Articles29

More Articles
Acute toxicities of five commonly used antifouling booster biocides to selected subtropical and cosmopolitan marine species

Mar. Pollut. Bull. 62(5) , 1147-51, (2011)

Highlights ► Tributyltin was not the most toxic antifouling biocides for 12 marine species. ► Irgarol was more toxic than TBT on the growth of autotrophic species. ► Toxicity of copper pyrithione was ...
Effects of seven antifouling compounds on photosynthesis and inorganic carbon use in sugar kelp Saccharina latissima (Linnaeus).

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 63(3) , 365-77, (2012)

Macroalgae depend on carbon-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to maintain a high photosynthetic activity under conditions of low carbon dioxide (CO(2)) availability. Because such conditions are prevalen...
Immunotoxicity in ascidians: antifouling compounds alternative to organotins-IV. The case of zinc pyrithione.

Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 169 , 16-24, (2015)

New biocides such as the organometallic compound zinc pyrithione (ZnP) have been massively introduced by many countries in formulations of antifouling paints following the ban on tributyltin (TBT). Th...

 Synonyms

Zinc pyrithione
1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione zinc salt
MFCD00067336
EINECS 236-671-3
2-Pyridinethiol 1-Oxide Zinc Salt
Bis(2-pyridylthio) Zinc 1,1'-Dioxide
Mercaptopyridine N-oxide zinc salt
2-Mercaptopyridine N-oxide zinc salt
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261504-18-1
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