Zinc oxide

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

O-Zn

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

81.37

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

ZN O

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

600 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

>8437 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

240 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

7950 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

2500 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

17431 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

5900 ug/m3/3H/3D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

4600 ug/m3/3H/6D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - chicken

DOSE/DURATION :

32203 mg/kg/4W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Endocrine - changes in growth hormone Endocrine - evidence of thyroid hypofunction Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - domestic

DOSE/DURATION :

3584 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of endocrine pancreas Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

6846 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - guinea pig

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 78,29,1985 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 10 mg/m3, fume DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3, fume DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3, inhalable dust DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ANAEA3 Annals of Allergy. (American College of Allergists, POB 20671, Bloomington, MN 55420) V.1- 1943- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,165,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JIDHAN Journal of Industrial Hygiene. (Cambridge, MA) V.1-17, 1919-35. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,322,1926 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,284,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, fume and respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, fume and respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, fume and respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 4 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 4 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ZINC OXIDE, fume-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ZINC OXIDE, total dust-air:TWA 5 mg/m3;CL 15 mg/m3/15M REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5686 No. of Facilities: 56635 (estimated) No. of Industries: 295 No. of Occupations: 168 No. of Employees: 919197 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 151582 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X9509 No. of Facilities: 7 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 105 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7 (estimated)