γ-terpinene

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
99-85-4

[ Name ]:
γ-terpinene

[Synonym ]:
Terpinene
1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
MFCD00001537
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
gamma-terpinene
1,4-p-Menthadiene
γ-terpinene
1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1,4-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-
1-Methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,4-diene
g-Terpinene
p-Mentha-1,4-diene
1-Isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
EINECS 202-794-6

Biological Activity

[Description]:

γ-Terpinene, a monoterpene, is an orally active antioxidant compound which can scavenge radicals directly. γ-Terpinene has potent antinociception activity[1].

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease

[In Vivo]

γ-Terpinene (γ-TPN; 12.5, 25 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) significantly reduces the licking time of the stimulated paw in both phases of the test in male Swiss mice (20-30 g)[1]. γ-Terpinene given either systemically (p.o.; 1.56, 3.125, and 6.25 mg/kg) or centrally (i.t or i.c.v; 10 and 20 μg/site) causes significant inhibition of glutamate-induced nociception in mice[1].

[References]

[1]. Flávia Franceli de Brito Passos, et al. Involvement of Cholinergic and Opioid System in γ-Terpinene-Mediated Antinociception. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:829414.

[2]. Guo-Xiang Li, et al. Unusual antioxidant behavior of alpha- and gamma-terpinene in protecting methyl linoleate, DNA, and erythrocyte. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 May 13;57(9):3943-8.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
0.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
183.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
60-61ºC

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₀H₁₆

[ Molecular Weight ]:
136.234

[ Flash Point ]:
51.7±0.0 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
136.125198

[ LogP ]:
4.36

[ Vapour density ]:
4.7 (vs air)

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
1.1±0.2 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.476

[ Storage condition ]:
2-8°C

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: OS8070000

CHEMICAL NAME :: p-Mentha-1,4-diene

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 99-85-4

LAST UPDATED :: 199709

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 4

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C10-H16

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 136.26

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: L6U CUTJ AY1&1 D1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

REFERENCE :: FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,875,1976 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3650 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,875,1976 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5192 No. of Facilities: 1436 (estimated) No. of Industries: 29 No. of Occupations: 26 No. of Employees: 35259 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 6925 (estimated)

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H226-H315-H319-H335

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi: Irritant;

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R10;R36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S36

[ RIDADR ]:
UN 2319 3/PG 3

[ WGK Germany ]:
2

[ RTECS ]:
OS8070000

[ Packaging Group ]:
III

[ Hazard Class ]:
3.2

[ HS Code ]:
2902199090

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2902199090

[ Summary ]:
2902199090 other cyclanes, cyclenes and cyclotherpenes。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:2.0%。General tariff:30.0%

Articles

Distribution of primary and specialized metabolites in Nigella sativa seeds, a spice with vast traditional and historical uses.

Molecules 17(9) , 10159-77, (2012)

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L., Ranunculaceae) is an annual herb commonly used in the Middle East, India and nowadays gaining worldwide acceptance. Historical and traditional uses are extensively docu...

Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils of Satureja thymbra growing wild in Libya.

Molecules 17(5) , 4836-50, (2012)

The composition of essential oil isolated from Satureja thymbra, growing wild in Libya, was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was characterized by γ-terpinene (39.23%), thymol (25.16%), p-cy...

Variation of volatiles in Tunisian populations of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. (Lamiaceae).

Chem. Biodivers. 9(7) , 1272-85, (2012)

Volatiles from 14 wild Tunisian populations of Thymbra capitata (=Thymus capitatus Hoffmanns. et Link=Coridothymus capitatus Rchb.f.), sampled in five ecological areas (sub-humid, upper semi-arid, mea...