Hydroxychloroquine sulfate

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
747-36-4

[ Name ]:
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate

[Synonym ]:
2-[{4-[(7-Chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]pentyl}(ethyl)amino]ethanol sulfate (1:1)
2-[{4-[(7-Chlorchinolin-4-yl)amino]pentyl}(ethyl)amino]ethanolsulfat(salt)
EINECS 212-019-3
Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate
Plaquenil
Ethanol, 2-[[4-[(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]pentyl]ethylamino]-, sulfate (1:1) (salt)
2-[4-[(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]pentyl-ethylamino]ethanol,sulfuric acid
TCMDC-123987
Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate
2-[{4-[(7-Chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]pentyl}(ethyl)amino]ethanol sulfate (1:1)
2-[{4-[(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]pentyl}(ethyl)amino]ethanol sulfate (salt)
MFCD00078203
Ercoquin
Quensyl

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Hydroxychloroquine sulfate is a synthetic antimalarial drug which can also inhibit Toll-like receptor 7/9 (TLR7/9) signaling.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Parasite

Signaling Pathways >> Immunology/Inflammation >> Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Research Areas >> Infection

Research Areas >> Cancer

[Target]

Antimalarial[1], TLR7/9[2]

[In Vitro]

Hydroxychloroquine sulfate is a synthetic antimalarial drug derived from 4-aminoquinoline; it has been used for several decades for the treatment of some rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)[1]. Five micromolar Hydroxychloroquine sulfate or chloroquine also has no measurable effect on intracellular pH, although these concentrations can inhibit TLR9 or 7 signaling induced by DNA or RNA ligands[2].

[In Vivo]

Hydroxychloroquine sulfate is prescribed for the treatment of lupus, and both Hydroxychloroquine sulfate and its analog chloroquine inhibit TLR7 and 9 signaling[2].

[Kinase Assay]

Five microliters of a solution of 2% L-α-phosphatidylcholine in dodecane is deposited per well on membranes of a 96-well plate. AT791 (10 µM), E6446 (10 µM), Hydroxychloroquine sulfate (40 µM), or chloroquine (40 µM) are added to one of the two compartments in pH 5.5 buffer (50 mM NaAce, 15 mM NaCl) or pH 7.4 buffer (50 mM KPO4, 150 mM NaCl), and the plate is incubated at 37°C. The next day, compound concentrations in both chambers are quantitated. In one variation of this experiment, 5 µM AT791 or E6446 is added to both chambers, one of which contains pH 5.5 buffer and the other pH 7.4 buffer. The redistribution of compound between the two chambers is monitored for 8 hours[2].

[Animal admin]

MRL/lpr mice are dosed orally five times a week with 20 or 60 mg/kg E6446 or 60 mg/kg Hydroxychloroquine sulfate beginning at 5 weeks of age. Cytoxan is administered at 50 mg/kg i.p. every 10 days. A serum sample is taken immediately before the beginning of treatment to monitor changes in autoreactive antibodies. Subsequently, serum samples are collected approximately monthly and analyzed for anti-dsDNA by ELISA after 1:500 dilution. Body weights and urine samples are taken at the same interval, and proteinuria is assessed. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) are assessed using commercially available HEp2 slide kits, with serum diluted to 1:100 in kit buffer. ANA scores are read blinded[2].

[References]

[1]. Manzo C, et al. Psychomotor Agitation Following Treatment with Hydroxychloroquine. Drug Saf Case Rep. 2017 Dec;4(1):6.

[2]. Lamphier M, et al. Novel small molecule inhibitors of TLR7 and TLR9: mechanism of action and efficacy in vivo. Mol Pharmacol. 2014 Mar;85(3):429-40.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Boiling Point ]:
516.7ºC at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
240 °C

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₈H₂₈ClN₃O₅S

[ Molecular Weight ]:
433.950

[ Flash Point ]:
266.3ºC

[ Exact Mass ]:
433.143829

[ PSA ]:
131.37000

[ LogP ]:
4.28400

[ Storage condition ]:
Refrigerator

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: KK3342500

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 747-36-4

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Cardiac - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema

REFERENCE :: JATOD3 Journal of Analytical Toxicology. (Preston Pub. Inc., POB 48312, Niles, IL 60648) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,186,1990

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H302-H319

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P305 + P351 + P338-P337 + P313

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi: Irritant;

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
37/39-26

[ RIDADR ]:
3276

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
KK3342500

[ Packaging Group ]:
III

[ Hazard Class ]:
6.1

[ HS Code ]:
2933499090

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2933499090

[ Summary ]:
2933499090. other compounds containing in the structure a quinoline or isoquinoline ring-system (whether or not hydrogenated), not further fused. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

Articles

Hydroxychloroquine-inhibited dengue virus is associated with host defense machinery.

J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 35(3) , 143-56, (2015)

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalarial drug also used in treating autoimmune diseases. Its antiviral activity was demonstrated in restricting HIV infection in vitro; however, the clinical implica...

A new trick for an ancient drug: quinine dissociates antiphospholipid immune complexes.

Lupus 24(1) , 32-41, (2014)

Quinine, a quinoline derivative, is an ancient antipyretic drug with antimalarial properties that has been phased out by more effective synthetic candidates. In previous studies we discovered that hyd...

Profound symptomatic hypogammaglobulinemia: a rare late complication after rituximab treatment for immune thrombocytopenia. Report of 3 cases and systematic review of the literature

Autoimmun. Rev. 13(10) , 1055-63, (2014)

Introduction B-cell depletion with rituximab (RTX) is widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, especially as second-line therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The incidence of RTX-induced hypoga...