L-Carnitine hydrochloride

Names

[ Name ]:
L-Carnitine hydrochloride

[Synonym ]:
(−)-β-Hydroxy-γ-(trimethylammonio)butyrate
3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride
3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate hydrochloride
Vitamin BT Hydrochloride
Carnitine chloride
L-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE
3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate Hydrochloride
(R)-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride
MFCD00066100
L(-)-Carnitine hydrochloride
[(2R)-3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl]-trimethylazanium,chloride
(2R)-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium, inner salt, hydrochloride (1:1)
LEVOCARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE
(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate hydrochloride
3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium, inner salt, hydrochloride (1:1)
(2R)-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride
QV1YQ1K1&1&1 &&Anhydro HCl
DL-Carnitine Hydrochloride
EINECS 229-663-6
UNII:F64264D63N
(R)-Carnitine hydrochloride
L-(-)-Carnitine hydrochloride
carnitine hydrochloride
QV1YQ1K1&1&1 &&Chloride
(3R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate hydrochloride
(3R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate hydrochloride (1:1)
1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride, (2R)- (1:1)
Levocarnitine chloride
VITAMIN BT
(3R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate hydrochloride
L-Carnitine HCl
1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride (1:1)
3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride
(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate hydrochloride
1-propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt, (2R)-, hydrochloride (1:1)

Biological Activity

[Description]:

L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine hydrochloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine hydrochloride can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism[1][2][3].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Metabolic Disease

[Target]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[In Vivo]

L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride) (125, 250 mg/kg; i.p.) has a more pronounced bronchodilator effect in this chronic murine asthma model, and decreases urinary LTE4 excretion[4]. Animal Model: 8- to 10-weeks-old and weighed 28-30g BALB/c mice[4] Dosage: 125, 250 mg/kg Administration: i.p. Result: SaO2 increased significantly at 250 mg/kg and decreased urinaryLTE4 excretion.

[References]

[1]. Agarwal A, et al. Role of L-carnitine in female infertility. eprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018 Jan 26;16(1):5.

[2]. Ferreira GC, et al. L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain. Neurochem Res. 2017 Jun;42(6):1661-1675.

[3]. Ferreira GC, et al. L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain. Neurochem Res. 2017 Jun;42(6):1661-1675.

[4]. Uzuner N, et al. The role of L-carnitine in treatment of a murine model of asthma. Acta Med Okayama. 2002 Dec;56(6):295-301.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Melting Point ]:
142 °C

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₇H₁₆ClNO₃

[ Molecular Weight ]:
197.660

[ Exact Mass ]:
197.081863

[ PSA ]:
60.36000

[ Water Solubility ]:
soluble

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: BP2979100

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, chloride, (-)-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 6645-46-1

LAST UPDATED :: 199703

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 13

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C7-H15-N-O3.Cl

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 196.68

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: QV1YQ1K1&1&1 &G

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 6890 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - other changes Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,191,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1920 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - other changes Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,191,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,191,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1440 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - other changes Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,191,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 8 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,446,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1690 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,446,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4320 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,446,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,446,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 2272 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - other changes Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,238,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 5400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,446,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,446,1988 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 728 gm/kg/52W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,221,1988 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 33 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,465,1988

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S37/39

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
2

[ RTECS ]:
BP2979100

[ HS Code ]:
2923900090

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2923900090

[ Summary ]:
2923900090 other quaternary ammonium salts and hydroxides。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:6.5%。General tariff:30.0%

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