Apronal

Apronal (Allylisopropylacetylurea, Apronalide) is a hypnotic and sedative drug that has been withdrawn in several countries due to side effects.

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease

Research shows that allylisopropylacetylurea not only increases the amount of porphyrins in the liver and urine of animals but also brings about a marked green pigmentation of the liver. Rats recover well from long-term treatment with high doses of allylisopropylacetylurea and revert to normal values for parameters measured. Lesions originated by long-term administration with allylisopropylacetylurea can be tolerated by rats and are reversible[1]. Fixed drug eruption and mucocutaneous ocular syndrome are reported due to apronal[2].

Rats: Apronal is administered to male Sandoz OFA-SPF rats, weighing 140-150 g in two equal daily subcutaneous injections 8 h apart. The overall daily dose is 400 mg/kg and dosing is continued for 21 days. Control rats are similarly treated with propandiol only. Urine samples are collected in glass tubes at solid CO2, temperatures and stored frozen until analysis[1].

[1]. Rentsch G, et al. The effect of prolonged administration of allylisopropylacetylurea to rats on cytochrome P-450 and other liver haemoproteins. Xenobiotica. 1976 Mar;6(3):151-7.

[2]. Fujimoto Y, et al. Fixed drug eruption due to allylisopropylacetylurea. Contact Dermatitis. 1993 May;28(5):282-4.

Captisol | Cyclosporin A | H2DCFDA | 0MPTP hydrochloride | GW4869 | Etomoxir | TD139 | Mitoquinone mesylate | GSK2795039 | JC-1 | BAPTA-AM | AP 20187 | Setanaxib (GKT137831) | D-Luciferin | Crotaline

DATA ITEMS CITED :

6

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C9-H16-N2-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

184.27

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

ZVMVY2U1&Y1&1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1050 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,323,1980

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

JPHAA3 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. (Washington, DC) V.1-28, 1912-39; New series: V.1-17, 1961-77. Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,788,1934

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1220 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,323,1980

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

DMWOAX Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-104, 1875-1979. Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,1166,1928

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

DMWOAX Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-104, 1875-1979. Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,1166,1928

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

DMWOAX Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-104, 1875-1979. Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,1166,1928