[Description]:
Motesanib is a potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of VEGFR1/2/3 with IC50s of 2 nM/3 nM/6 nM, respectively, and has similar activity against Kit, and is appr 10-fold more selective for VEGFR than PDGFR and Ret.
[Related Catalog]:
[Target]
VEGFR1:2 nM (IC50)
VEGFR2:3 nM (IC50)
VEGFR3:6 nM (IC50)
[In Vitro]
Motesanib has broad activity against the human VEGFR family, and displays > 1000 selectivity against EGFR, Src, and p38 kinase. Motesanib significantly inhibits VEGF-induced cellular proliferation of HUVECs with an IC50 of 10 nM, while displaying little effect at bFGF-induced proliferation with an IC50 of >3,000 nM. Motesanib also potently inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation and SCF-induced c-kit phosphorylation with IC50 of 207 nM and 37 nM, respectively, but not effective against the EGF-induced EGFR phosphorylation and cell viability of A431 cells[1]. Althouth displaying little antiproliferative activity on cell growth of HUVECs alone, Motesanib treatment significantly sensitizes the cells to fractionated radiation[2].
[In Vivo]
Motesanib (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibits VEGF-induced vascular permeability in a time-dependent manner. Oral administration of Motesanib twice daily or once daily potently inhibits, in a dose-dependent manner, VEGF-induced angiogenesis using the rat corneal model with ED50 of 2.1 mg/kg and 4.9 mg/kg, respectively. Motesanib induces a dose-dependent tumor regression of established A431 xenografts by selectively targeting neovascularization in tumor cells[1]. Motesanib in combination with radiation displays significant anti-tumor activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenograft models[2]. Motesanib treatment also induces significant dose-dependent reductions in tumor growth and blood vessel density of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, or Cal-51 xenografts, which can be markedly enhanced when combined with docetaxel or tamoxifen[3].
[Kinase Assay]
Optimal enzyme, ATP, and substrate (gastrin peptide) concentrations are established for each enzyme using homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assays. Motesanib is tested in a 10-point dose-response curve for each enzyme using an ATP concentration of two-thirds Km for each. Most assays consist of enzyme mixed with kinase reaction buffer [20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 10 mM MgCl2, 5 mM MnCl2, 100 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM EGTA]. A final concentration of 1 mM DTT, 0.2 mM NaVO4, and 20 μg/mL BSA is added before each assay. For all assays, 5.75 mg/mL streptavidin-allophycocyanin and 0.1125 nM Eu-PT66 are added immediately before the HTRF reaction. Plates are incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature and read on a Discovery instrument. IC50 values are calculated using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm into a four-parameter logistic equation.
[Cell Assay]
Cells are preincubated for 2 hours with different concentrations of Motesanib, and exposed with 50 ng/mL VEGF or 20 ng/mL bFGF for an additional 72 hours. Cells are washed twice with DPBS, and plates are frozen at -70°C for 24 hours. Proliferation is assessed by the addition of CyQuant dye, and plates are read on a Victor 1420 workstation. IC50 data are calculated using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm into a four-parameter logistic equatio.
[Animal admin]
A431 cells are cultured in DMEM (low glucose) with 10% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin/glutamine. Cells are harvested by trypsinization, washed, and adjusted to a concentration of 5×107/mL in serum-free medium. Animals are challenged s.c. with 1×107 cells in 0.2 mL over the left flank. Approximately 10 days thereafter, mice are randomized based on initial tumor volume measurements and treated with either vehicle (Ora-Plus) or Motesanib. Tumor volumes and body weights are recorded twice weekly and/or on the day of sacrifice. Tumor volume is measured with a Pro-Max electronic digital caliper and calculated using the formula length (mm)×width (mm)×height (mm) and expressed in mm3. Data are expressed as mean±SE. Repeated measures ANOVA followed by Scheffe post hoc testing for multiple comparisons is used to evaluate the statistical significance of observed differences.
[References]
[1]. Polverino A, et al. AMG 706, an oral, multikinase inhibitor that selectively targets vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and kit receptors, potently inhibits angiogenesis and induces regression in tumor xenografts. Cancer R
[2]. Kruser TJ, et al. Augmentation of radiation response by motesanib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Clin Cancer Res, 2010, 16(14), 3639-3647.
[3]. Coxon A, et al. Broad antitumor activity in breast cancer xenografts by motesanib, a highly selective, oral inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and Kit receptors. Clin Cancer Res, 2009, 15(1), 110-118.
[Related Small Molecules]