MG-132

Names

[ Name ]:
MG-132

[Synonym ]:
benzyloxycarbonyl-Leu-Leu-Leu-aldehyde
L-Leucinamide, N-((phenylmethoxy)carbonyl)-L-leucyl-N-((1S)-1-formyl-3-methylbutyl)-
Z-LLL-CHO
benzyl N-[(2S)-4-methyl-1-[[(2S)-4-methyl-1-[[(2S)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate
MG132
zLLL
Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-CHO
Cbz-Leu-Leu-Leu-H
L-Leucinamide, N-[(phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]-L-leucyl-N-[(1S)-1-formyl-3-methylbutyl]-
N-[(Benzyloxy)carbonyl]-L-leucyl-N-[(2S)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-L-leucinamide
Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-H
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
benzyloxycarbonyl-leucyl-leucyl-leucinal
Z-Leu-Leu-leucinal
N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal
MFCD00674886
Carbobenzoxy-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal
Cbz-Leu-Leu-Leu-CHO
N-[(Benzyloxy)carbonyl]-L-leucyl-N-[(2S)-4-methyl-1-oxo-2-pentanyl]-L-leucinamide
MG-132

Biological Activity

[Description]:

MG-132 is a potent, reversible, and cell-permeable 20S proteasome inhibitor which inhibits proteasomal chymotrypsin-like peptidase activity with an IC50 of 24.2 nM.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Autophagy >> Autophagy

Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Proteasome

Research Areas >> Cancer

[Target]

IC50: 24.2 nM (chymotrypsin-like activity)[1]

[In Vitro]

Dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth is observed in HeLa cells with an IC50 of approximately 5 μM MG132 for 24 h. MG132 inhibits the growth of HeLa cells via inducing the cell cycle arrest as well as triggering apoptosis[2]. MG-132 inhibits C6 glioma cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner (the IC50 value at 24 h is 18.5 μM). MG-132 (18.5 μM) suppresses the proteasome activity by about 70% at 3 h. MG-132 induces apoptosis via down-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and XIAP, up-regulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase-3, and production of cleaved C-terminal 85 kDa PARP. MG-132 also causes a more than 5-fold increase of reactive oxygen species[3]. The IC50 of MG-132 against HeLa, CaSki, and C33A cervical cancer cells viability after 48 h of incubation is 2.1, 3.2, and 5.2 μM, respectively[4].

[In Vivo]

The in vivo antitumor activity of MG-132 against cervical cancer is examined using s.c. xenograft models. MG-132 is injected at 1 mg/kg using the following schedule: days 1, 4, 8, 12, 15 18, 23, and 26 for mice bearing HeLa tumors. The growth inhibition rates of MG132 compared to control is 49%[4]. MG-132 (i.p., 0.1 mg/kg/day) attenuates pressure-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and improves cardiac function in abdominal aortic banding (AAB) rats through regulation of ERK1/2 and JNK1 signaling pathways[5].

[Kinase Assay]

After growing on six-well plates (3×105 cells/well) for 24 h, C6 glioma cells are treated with either PBS (control) or 18.5 μM MG-132 for 3, 6, 12, or 24 h at 37°C. Cells are thoroughly scraped from the culture dishes with a cell scraper and washed with cold PBS. After centrifugation for 10 min at 800×g, the cell pellets are suspended in ice-cold buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 20 μM ATP, 5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 20% glycerol) and homogenized with a Pyrex glass microhomogenizer (20 strokes). The homogenate is centrifuged at 15 000×g for 10 min at 4°C to obtain supernatant. Protein concentration is determined using protein assay kits. A total of 10 μL (1 μg/μL) of each freshly made supernatant is incubated in a 96-well plate at 37°C for 30 min with 10 μL of 300 μM of Succinyl-LLVY-AMC and 85 μL of assay buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, and 20% glycerol). Release of fluorescent AMC is measured with a spectrofluorometer at 440 nm with an excitation wavelength of 380 nm[3].

[Cell Assay]

C6 glioma cells are seeded onto 96-well microplates (3×104 cells/well) and cultured for 24 h. The cells are treated with PBS or MG-132 final concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 μM, respectively. Cell viability is assessed using an MTT assay at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after MG-132 treatment. The absorbance value at 570 nm is read using an automatic multi-well spectrophotometer. C6 glioma cells (3×105 cells/well) are allowed to grow on coverslips in 6-well culture plates for 24 h. The cells are then treated with either PBS (control) or 18.5 μM MG-132 at 37°C for 24 h. Cells growing on glass coverslips are fixed in methanol for 5 min at room temperature. The fixed cells are washed twice with PBS and then incubated with Hoechst 33342 for 5 min at room temperature and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Fragmented or condensed nuclei are scored as apoptotic[3].

[Animal admin]

Mice[4] C.B-17/lcr-scid/scidJcl mice are inoculated s.c. with HeLa, CaSki, or C33A (1×107 cells). Tumors are allowed to grow for 1 week. Mice are killed and tumors are removed. Tumors are then cut into 2-mm diameter pieces and s.c. transplanted in C.B-17/lcr-scid/scidJcl mice (n=6 per group). One week after inoculation, mice are treated with i.v. injection of saline (control), MG-132 (1 mg/kg/dose) twice a week for 4 weeks. The volume (V) of tumors is measured before every injection, as estimated using equation V=a×b2/2 where a and b are major and minor axes of the tumor measured by a caliper, respectively. Rats[5] Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old, 180-230 g) are used to establish pressure-overload model. All animals are separated into four groups (10 rats per group): (i) vehicle-treated sham group; (ii) MG-132-treated sham group; (iii) vehicle-treated abdominal aortic banding (AAB) group; and (iv) MG-132-treated AAB group. Under intraperitoneal pentobarbital (50 mg/kg) anesthesia, AAB is created using a 5-0 suture tied twice around the abdominal aorta in which a 21-gauge needle is inserted. The needle is then retracted yielding a 70-80% constriction with an outer aortic diameter of ~0.8 mm. In the sham surgery rats, the same surgery is performed except the aorta is constricted. At Day 3 after the surgery, MG-132-treated rats are intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mg/kg/day of MG-132 for 8 weeks. All control animals are injected with a corresponding volume of vehicle only (0.1% DMSO).

[References]

[1]. Braun HA, et al. Tripeptide mimetics inhibit the 20 S proteasome by covalent bonding to the active threonines. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 5;280(31):28394-401.

[2]. Han YH, et al. The effect of MG132, a proteasome inhibitor on HeLa cells in relation to cell growth, reactive oxygen species and GSH. Oncol Rep. 2009 Jul;22(1):215-21.

[3]. Fan WH, et al. Proteasome inhibitor MG-132 induces C6 glioma cell apoptosis via oxidative stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2011 May;32(5):619-25.

[4]. Matsumoto Y, et al. Enhanced efficacy against cervical carcinomas through polymeric micelles physically incorporating theproteasome inhibitor MG132. Cancer Sci. 2016 Jun;107(6):773-81.

[5]. Chen B, et al. MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, attenuates pressure-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats by modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signals. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2010 Apr;42(4):253-8.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.1±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
682.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
80-84℃ (DEC.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₂₆H₄₁N₃O₅

[ Molecular Weight ]:
475.621

[ Flash Point ]:
366.3±31.5 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
475.304626

[ PSA ]:
113.60000

[ LogP ]:
5.75

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±2.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.506

[ Storage condition ]:
−20°C

[ Water Solubility ]:
methanol: 1 mg/mL | Soluble in ethanol, chloroform, methanol, water.

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi

[ Risk Phrases ]:
36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
24/25

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

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