Tetrachloroethylene

DATA ITEMS CITED :

114

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C2-Cl4

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

165.82

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

GYGUYGG

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

96 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - local anesthetic Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :

545 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - coma

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

600 ppm/10M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Behavioral - general anesthetic

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2629 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

34200 mg/m3/8H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4678 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intratracheal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

450 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

8100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - general anesthetic

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

5200 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

>500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

65 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

2100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - liver function tests impaired

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

85 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :

4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :

LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

>3228 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

2200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

14 gm/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

36 gm/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

3 gm/kg/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1750 ppm/6H/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

19300 mg/m3/24H/94D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

200 ppm/4W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other oxidoreductases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

7000 ppm/8H/50D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in blood vessels or in circulation of kidney Blood - changes in spleen

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

49750 ug/kg/3D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Liver - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

200 ppm/4H/8W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - fatty liver degeneration

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1750 ppm/6H/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - fatty liver degeneration

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1600 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

2500 ppm/7H/39D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

200 ppm/7H/32W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - gerbil

DOSE/DURATION :

120 ppm/24H/1Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

200 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - leukemia Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

195 gm/kg/50W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

100 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

240 gm/kg/62W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

200 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors Blood - leukemia

TYPE OF TEST :

TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

100 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

1000 ppm/24H

SEX/DURATION :

female 14 day(s) pre-mating female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

1000 ppm/24H

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

900 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-13 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

300 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

300 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

500 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :

male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :

DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :

Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

Sperm Morphology

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Lung

REFERENCE :

MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 182,135,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 685 mg/m3 (100 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 170 mg/m3 (25 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,355,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,159,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,159,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,355,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,355,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2A IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,159,1995 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMSHAF Chemosphere. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,517,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (670 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,201,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm;CL 200;Pk 300/5M/3H CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (670 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (670 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (670 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 50 ppm (335 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 50 ppm (339 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (1368 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 30 ppm (200 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 50 ppm (335 mg/m3);STEL 75 ppm (520 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 50 ppm (335 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 50 ppm (345 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 50 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 50 ppm (340 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 35 ppm (240 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (670 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 60 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 50 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 25 ppm (170 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 50 ppm (345 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 100 ppm;STEL 200 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 50 ppm (335 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO TETRACHLOROETHYLENE-air:CA lowest feasible conc. REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 54790 No. of Facilities: 52013 (estimated) No. of Industries: 288 No. of Occupations: 155 No. of Employees: 549154 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 54790 No. of Facilities: 49025 (estimated) No. of Industries: 268 No. of Occupations: 151 No. of Employees: 688110 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 177342 (estimated)