Effects of high-intensity ultrasound and oil type on the Maillard reaction of d-glucose and glycine in oil-in-water systems

Hang Yu, Yi-Xin Seow, Peter K. C. Ong, Weibiao Zhou

Index: 10.1038/s41538-017-0010-4

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Abstract

This study addresses the effect of high-intensity ultrasonic processing on four oil-in-water systems, using sunflower, peanut, olive and flaxseed oils, respectively, that contained an aqueous d-glucose and glycine Maillard reaction (MR) model system. The MR in the water phase was promoted as observed from higher depletion of reactants and higher amount of MR products (MRPs). A significantly higher amount of pyrazines was generated after ultrasonic processing, particularly in the sunflower and olive oil systems. These promotions were attributed to a well-mixing effect and a localised high temperature and pressure environment generated by the high-intensity ultrasound. However, upon 1 h of ultrasonic processing at 80 °C, a significant increase of oxidation was observed with high peroxide and p-anisidine values in the post-processed oils; meanwhile, the amount of unsaturated fatty acids decreased as well. As a result, some off-flavours were also detected in the post-processed oils, which affected the overall flavour profile of the MR systems.