Indoles display a wide range of biological activities; this is exemplified by the amino-acid tryptophan (1), the hormones serotonin (2) and melatonin (3), the anti-arthritic indomethacin (4), the psychotropic LSD (5) and the anti-tumour agent vinblastine (6). Accordingly, the synthesis of indoles has long been a topic of fundamental interest to organic and medicinal chemists, and many of the 'named' syntheses of indoles are long established and associated with famous chemists ...