Poultry Science 2014-07-01

Effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on fatty acid profile, liver function, and inflammatory response in broiler chickens fed a diet high in oxidants.

T Lu, A F Harper, J Zhao, B A Corl, T LeRoith, R A Dalloul

Index: Poult. Sci. 93(7) , 1658-66, (2014)

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Abstract

The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on fatty acid profile, inflammatory response, and liver function. Cobb 500 male broilers (n = 1,200, d 0) were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 10 replicate floor pens. Treatments included (1) a high-oxidant diet, with vitamin E at 10 IU/kg, 3% oxidized oil, 3% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) source (HO); (2) the HO diet with vitamin E at 200 IU/kg (VE); (3) the HO diet with an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg (AOX); (4) the HO diet with both vitamin E at 200 IU/kg and an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg (VE+AOX); (5) standard control (SC); and (6) a positive control, which was the SC diet with an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg. The concentrations of 20:4, 20:5, 22:5, 22:6, and all the n-3 fatty acids were greater in the abdominal fat of HO, VE, AOX, and VE+AOX birds than SC and positive control birds on d 21 and 42 (P < 0.001). Compared with HO treatment, AOX and VE+AOX preserved the deposition of PUFA better (P < 0.001). The HO birds had greater concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase on d 21 and 42, and γ-glutamyl transferase on d 21, whereas AOX and VE+AOX chickens had restored γ-glutamyl transferase concentration (P < 0.01). The inflammation scores of abdominal fat of AOX and VE+AOX birds were lower than the HO on d 21 (P < 0.001). Compared with SC, the VE and VE+AOX birds exhibited greater vacuole scores on d 21 and 42 (P < 0.01). The lower vacuoles score in SC was associated with a greater expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor -γ and -α (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory genes in the liver did not differ among treatments. In conclusion, the AOX and AOX+VE diets were effective in preserving PUFA in the abdominal fat, moderately improved liver function, and reduced inflammation in fat. © 2014 Poultry Science Association Inc.