Nature Chemical Biology 2014-07-01

PIP2 regulates psychostimulant behaviors through its interaction with a membrane protein.

Peter J Hamilton, Andrea N Belovich, George Khelashvili, Christine Saunders, Kevin Erreger, Jonathan A Javitch, Harald H Sitte, Harel Weinstein, Heinrich J G Matthies, Aurelio Galli

Index: Nat. Chem. Biol. 10(7) , 582-9, (2014)

Full Text: HTML

Abstract

Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) regulates the function of ion channels and transporters. Here, we demonstrate that PIP2 directly binds the human dopamine (DA) transporter (hDAT), a key regulator of DA homeostasis and a target of the psychostimulant amphetamine (AMPH). This binding occurs through electrostatic interactions with positively charged hDAT N-terminal residues and is shown to facilitate AMPH-induced, DAT-mediated DA efflux and the psychomotor properties of AMPH. Substitution of these residues with uncharged amino acids reduces hDAT-PIP2 interactions and AMPH-induced DA efflux without altering the hDAT physiological function of DA uptake. We evaluated the significance of this interaction in vivo using locomotion as a behavioral assay in Drosophila melanogaster. Expression of mutated hDAT with reduced PIP2 interaction in Drosophila DA neurons impairs AMPH-induced locomotion without altering basal locomotion. We present what is to our knowledge the first demonstration of how PIP2 interactions with a membrane protein can regulate the behaviors of complex organisms.