Nitrophenols have been identified in the atmospheric gas phase and in cloud and rainwater. 1 Nitration of organic substrates is a widely studied reaction of great industrial significance, as many nitro-compounds are extensively utilized and act as intermediates for the manufacture of plastics, dyes, perfumes, drugs, and pharmaceuticals. 2 However, nitration in a manufacturing process requires the use of potent mixtures of concentrated or fuming nitric acid with ...
