Constituents of Mediterranean Spices Counteracting Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation: Identification and Characterization of Rosmarinic Acid Methyl Ester as a Novel Inhibitor
Rongxia Liu; Elke H. Heiss; Birgit Waltenberger; Tina Blažević; Daniel Schachner; Baohong Jiang; Vladimir Krystof; Wanhui Liu; Stefan Schwaiger; Luis M. Peña‐Rodríguez; Johannes M. Breuss; Hermann Stuppner; Verena M. Dirsch; Atanas G. Atanasov
Index: 10.1002/mnfr.201700860
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Abstract
Aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation and restenosis. Mediterranean spices have been reported to confer cardioprotection, but their direct influence on VSMCs has largely not been investigated. This study aims at examining rosmarinic acid (RA) and 11 related constituents for inhibition of VSMC proliferation in vitro, and at characterizing the most promising compound for their mode of action and influence on neointima formation in vivo.