Chemistry–A European Journal

9??Fluorenylphosphines for the Pd??Catalyzed Sonogashira, Suzuki, and Buchwald–Hartwig Coupling Reactions in Organic Solvents and Water

CA Fleckenstein, H Plenio

Index: Fleckenstein, Christoph A.; Plenio, Herbert Chemistry - A European Journal, 2007 , vol. 13, # 9 p. 2701 - 2716

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Citation Number: 125

Abstract

Abstract The lithiation/alkylation of fluorene leads to various 9-alkyl-fluorenes (alkyl= Me, Et, iPr,-Pr,-C 18 H 25) in> 95% yields, for which lithiation and reaction with R 2 PCl (R= Cy, iPr, tBu) generates 9-alkyl, 9-PR 2-fluorenes which constitute electron-rich and bulky phosphine ligands. The in-situ-formed palladium–phosphine complexes ([Na 2 PdCl 4], phosphonium salt, base, substrates) were tested in the Sonogashira, Suzuki, and Buchwald–Hartwig ...