The development of “molecular rulers” would allow one to quantitatively locate intercalants within the liposomal bilayer. To this end, we have attempted to correlate the 13C NMR chemical shift of a polarizable “reporter” carbon (eg, carbonyl) of the intercalant—with the ET (30) polarity it experiences, and with its Angstrom distance from the interface. This requires families of molecules with the same two “reporter carbons” separated by a fixed distance, ...
