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氰酸钠

氰酸钠用途

用作有机合成(氨甲丙二酯)原料、制药原料和除草剂等。用于有机合成、钢铁热处理，用作药物中间体。也用于钢铁的热处理。氰酸钠作为一种无机化工原料，用于有机合成、制药工业、钢铁的热处理等，在农药上可用于合成杀虫剂灭幼脲的中间体对氯苯基脲。

氰酸钠名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
917-61-3

[ 中文名 ]:
氰酸钠

[ 英文名 ]:
Sodium cyanate

[英文别名 ]:

sodium,cyanate
Cyanic acid, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium cyanate
MFCD00011121
EINECS 213-030-6

氰酸钠物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1,937 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
23.5ºC at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
550 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
CNNaO

[ 分子量 ]:
65.007

[ 精确质量 ]:
64.987762

[ PSA ]:
46.85000

[ 外观性状 ]:
结晶粉末

[ 折射率 ]:
1.389

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与酸类、食品添加剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
110 g/L (20 ºC)

氰酸钠MSDS

氰酸钠毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GS7000000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cyanic acid, sodium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 917-61-3

LAST UPDATED :: 199703

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 13

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C-N-O.Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 65.01

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NA OCN

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 5400 mg/kg/24W

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - visual field changes Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

REFERENCE :: AROPAW Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago). (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) New series: V.1-44(3), 1929-50; V.64- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 94,927,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 185,653,1973

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 310 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased

REFERENCE :: BJPCAL British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. (London, UK) V.1-33, 1946-68. For publisher information, see BJPCBM. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,186,1946

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55(8),30,1990

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: APFRAD Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.1- 1943- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,740,1961

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 260 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 185,653,1973

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55(8),30,1990 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 840 mg/kg/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - sleep Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: BJPCAL British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. (London, UK) V.1-33, 1946-68. For publisher information, see BJPCBM. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,186,1946

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 182 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - liver function tests impaired Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55(8),30,1990

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1100 mg/kg/18D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - sleep Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: BJPCAL British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. (London, UK) V.1-33, 1946-68. For publisher information, see BJPCBM. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,186,1946 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - A1310 No. of Facilities: 10 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 10 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - A1310 No. of Facilities: 3 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 10 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 3 (estimated)

氰酸钠安全信息

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R52/53

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25-S61

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
GS7000000

[ 海关编码 ]:
28380000

氰酸钠合成路线

氰酸钠上下游产品

氰酸钠上游产品

氰酸钠下游产品

氰酸钠制备

1.尿素法将尿素与碳酸钠按尿素：碳酸钠=2.47：1(mol比)的配比，加入粉碎混合机中，经5～10 min搅拌混合后，放入存料桶。在搅拌下将混合物加入预先加热至微红的铸铁圆筒式反应器中，外用焦炭鼓风炉直接火加热，使反应生成氰酸钠。反应产生的氨气和二氧化碳经水吸收塔排空，反应物在550～600℃下搅拌15 min，使全部熔融，立即倾入铁盘中迅速冷却，使固化为8～10 mm薄片块状，再经粉碎，制得成品

其制备方法是采用尿素法合成氰酸钠。将尿素和碳酸钠按2.47∶1(mol)的配比加入粉碎混合机中，搅拌混合10min，再在搅拌下将混合物加入预先加热至微红的铸铁圆筒式反应器中，外用焦炭鼓风炉直接火加热，使反应生成氰酸钠。氨气和CO₂经水吸收塔排空，反应物在550～600℃搅拌15min，使全部熔融，立即倾入铁盘中迅速冷却，使固化为8～10mm 薄片块状，再经粉碎制得成品。

2.碳酸钠和尿素加热制取。将由26.5g研磨粉碎的无水Na2CO3和35g尿素所组成的混合物放在一支高型坩埚中，用喷灯尽快加热。时时将混合物压下，但不得搅拌以减少机械损失。混合物部分熔化并放出大量NH3时混合物即几乎变为固体，最后再熔化形成清亮的液体。当熔体平静下来，表面上几乎不再有气泡时停止加热，检测是否仍有碳酸盐。如果有，在搅拌下加入1g尿素，并将混合物加热到气体停止放出。如果检测没有碳酸盐，将熔体倾入一个干燥研钵，将研钵摇转使晶体开始附着于壁上，趁热研磨粉碎。产量28～32g，产率86％～98％。

氰酸钠海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 28380000

氰酸钠