锗烷

锗烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7782-65-2

[ 中文名 ]:
锗烷

[ 英文名 ]:
germane

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 231-961-6
MFCD00011028
5,7-diamino-4,6-dinitro-benzofuroxan
germanium tetrahydride
monofuroxan
4,6-dinitro-5,7-diaminobenzofuroxan
monogermane
5,7-Dinitro-4,6-benzofurazandiamine 3-oxide

锗烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.53 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
-88ºC

[ 熔点 ]:
-165ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
GeH₄

[ 分子量 ]:
76.67180

[ 精确质量 ]:
77.95250

[ LogP ]:
0.06920

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
1.53 (142 °C, vs air)

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂,酸类物品分开存放

[ 水溶解性 ]:
insoluble H2O; soluble liquid ammonia, slightly soluble hot HCl [HAW93]

锗烷MSDS

锗烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: LY4900000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Germane

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7782-65-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 17

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Ge-H4

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(2),56,1974

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1380 mg/m3

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(2),56,1974 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.63 mg/m3 (0.2 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,20,1973 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.63 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:STEL 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3);STEL 0.6 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO GERMANIUM TETRAHYDRIDE-air:10H TWA 0.2 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

锗烷安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS06

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H220-H280-H302-H330

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P260-P284-P310-P410 + P403

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;half-mask respirator (US);multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F,T,T+,F+

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
17-21/22-23

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
16-24-26-36/37/39-45

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2192

[ RTECS号 ]:
LY4900000

[ 危险类别 ]:
2.3

锗烷合成路线

锗烷上下游产品

锗烷上游产品

锗烷下游产品

锗烷制备

图XIV-15 锗烷的制备装置

图锗烷的制备装置使用如图所示装置，但去除冰浴。往烧瓶中装入120mL冰醋酸，急剧通入氮气或氩气。在25mL水中先溶解2g KOH，再溶解1g GeO2，接着溶解1.5g KBH4(BH-4/Ge＝2.9)，制成混合溶液，将此混合溶液在10min内加到冰醋酸中。在烧瓶中产生少量多氢化锗GeHx。全部溶液加完后，再通5min惰性气体，接着将反应烧瓶与真空系统连接的旋塞关闭。使真空系统处于十分真空的状态。甲锗烷、乙锗烷、甚至痕量的丙锗烷、水、乙酸、二氧化碳等都积聚在液氮冷却的接收器中。利用三氯甲烷固体及液体所组成的浆状物所冷却的接收器(-63.5℃)进行蒸馏，以除去丙锗烷、水、乙酸。二氧化碳可以逐步通过碱石灰及高氯酸镁接收器而除去。最后，在二硫化碳的泥浆浴(-111.99℃)中进行蒸馏，就可以使甲锗烷与乙锗烷分离。

锗烷文献

Solid lipid nanoparticles for hydrophilic biotech drugs: optimization and cell viability studies (Caco-2 & HEPG-2 cell lines).

Eur. J. Med. Chem. 81 , 28-34, (2014)

Insulin was used as model protein to developed innovative Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) for the delivery of hydrophilic biotech drugs, with potential use in medicinal chemistry. SLNs were prepared ...

The biocompatibility of degradable magnesium interference screws: an experimental study with sheep.

Biomed Res. Int. 2015 , 943603, (2015)

Screws for ligament reconstruction are nowadays mostly made of poly-L-lactide (PLLA). However, magnesium-based biomaterials are gathering increased interest in this research field because of their goo...

Ligand-engaged TCR is triggered by Lck not associated with CD8 coreceptor.

Nat. Commun. 5 , 5624, (2014)

The earliest molecular events in T-cell recognition have not yet been fully described, and the initial T-cell receptor (TCR)-triggering mechanism remains a subject of controversy. Here, using total in...

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锗烷