漂白粉

漂白粉用途

用途一：用作棉、麻、纸浆、丝纤维织物的漂白，饮用水、游泳池水等的杀菌和消毒，乙炔的净化等。
用途二：主要用于棉织物、化学纤维、纸浆的漂白，也用于消毒、杀菌等。
用途三：用作分析试剂、漂白剂、脱毛剂和氧化剂。
用途四：用于棉、麻、纸浆、丝纤维织物的漂白，饮用水、游泳池水等的杀菌和消毒，乙炔的净化等。
用途五：本品是高效漂白剂。常温下贮存200天以上不分解。主要用于棉麻、化纤、纸浆、淀粉的漂白。亦可用于饮用水、游泳池水的消毒和杀菌及皮革贮存中的防霉防腐剂。
用途六：抗微生物剂；自来水净化剂；消毒剂；漂白剂。与漂白粉相同，但有效氯含量高。溶于水使用时，不溶性残渣少，性质稳定，有取代漂白粉的趋势。
用途七：主要用于造纸工业纸浆的漂白和纺织工业棉、麻、丝纤维织物的漂白。也用于城乡饮用水、游泳池水等的杀菌消毒。化学工业用于乙炔的净化，氯仿和其他有机化工原料的制造。可作羊毛防缩剂、脱臭剂等。
用途八：是一种高效漂白剂。主要用于棉麻纺织品、化学纤维、纸浆、淀粉的漂白，也用于饮用水、游泳池水的消毒和杀菌。军工方面可用作化学毒剂(如芥子气等)和放射性的消毒剂。
用途九：消毒剂，漂白剂，脱臭剂，氧化剂。

漂白粉名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7778-54-3

[ 中文名 ]:
次氯酸钙

[ 英文名 ]:
calcium hypochlorite

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Hypochlorous acid calcium salt
Calcium dihypochlorite
MFCD00010900
Chloride of lime
Chlorinated lime
EINECS 231-908-7

漂白粉物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
2.35

[ 熔点 ]:
100ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
CaCl₂O₂

[ 分子量 ]:
142.983

[ 精确质量 ]:
141.890121

[ PSA ]:
18.46000

[ LogP ]:
1.24220

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色粉末带有一种像氯一样的气味

[ 折射率 ]:
1.545 (20ºC)

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风干燥,轻装轻卸,与有机物、还原剂、硫磷易燃物分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability Strong oxidizer - contact with flammable material may lead to fire. Incompatible with water, reducing agents, combustible material, phenol.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
200 g/L (20 ºC) (dec.)

漂白粉MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

漂白粉毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: NH3485000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7778-54-3

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 12

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C12-O2.Ca

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 216.20

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: CA G-Q*2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 850 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - food intake (animal) Gastrointestinal - other changes

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Fibroblast

DOSE/DURATION :: 4 gm/L

REFERENCE :: FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,623,1984 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,159,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Available Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,159,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,159,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 15746 No. of Facilities: 3262 (estimated) No. of Industries: 30 No. of Occupations: 37 No. of Employees: 39878 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 15746 No. of Facilities: 3884 (estimated) No. of Industries: 48 No. of Occupations: 57 No. of Employees: 82721 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 23486 (estimated)

漂白粉安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS03, GHS05, GHS07, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H272-H302-H314-H400

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P220-P273-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
C:Corrosive

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R31;R34;R50;R8

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36/37/39-S45-S61

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2880/1748/2208

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
NH3485000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
5.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2828100000

漂白粉合成路线

详细合成路线

漂白粉上下游产品

漂白粉上游产品

漂白粉下游产品

漂白粉制备

1.吸收法：先将石灰石与白煤按1：(0.11～0.13)的配比间断从石灰窑顶部加入石灰窑中进行煅烧，温度控制在800～1200℃，生成的石灰从窑底间断排出，将其加水消化，得到含有少量游离水的消石灰，陈化8天以上，经绞龙送至风选系统除渣。而粉末状消石灰经旋风分离器进行气固相分离。含有3%～6%游离水分的细粒消石灰，经消石灰仓下的绞龙从氯化塔的第四层加入，氯气(液氯液化尾气)从氯化塔第一层通入，漂白粉成品由氯化塔第一层排出。其

从氯化塔排出的尾气，用液碱吸收后生成次氯酸钠，废气然后放空。石灰乳氯化法石灰石煅烧生成的石灰，经破碎、消化、风选、配浆送入氯化反应釜，通入氯气进行氯化反应生成漂粉精，再经离心分离、干燥、磨粉，制得漂粉精成品。

2.由一氧化二氯与氢氧化钙水溶液反应，得到纯次氯酸钙水溶液。蒸发，浓缩得水合物晶体。在真空下加热到45～80℃失水得无水物。

3.在熟石灰中加入少量水（每1kg加水35ml），搅拌均匀后通入氯气，并用水进行外部冷却：

当混合物重量不再增加时，反应停止所得制剂即为次氯酸钙。

漂白粉海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2828100000

漂白粉文献

Influence of Fungal Strain, Temperature, and Wetness Duration on Infection of Grapevine Inflorescences and Young Berry Clusters by Botrytis cinerea.

Phytopathology 105(3) , 325-33, (2015)

The effect of temperature and wetness duration on infection of Vitis vinifera inflorescences (from "inflorescence clearly visible" to "end of flowering" stages) and young berry clusters (at "fruit swe...

Arabian killifish (Aphanius dispar) embryos: A model organism for the risk assessment of the Arabian Gulf coastal waters.

Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 34 , 2898-905, (2015)

Fish embryos are excellent models for studies aimed at understanding toxic mechanisms and indications of possible acute and chronic effects. For the past 3 yr, an Arabian killifish (Aphanius dispar) f...

Promising role of calcium hypochlorite as a disinfectant: an in vitro evaluation regarding its effect on type V dental stone.

J. Contemp. Dent. Pract. 13(6) , 856-66, (2012)

The current study has been chosen to evaluate the efficacy of calcium hypochlorite as a disinfecting additive for the gypsum products and its effect on compressive and tensile strength of the set mate...

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漂白粉