溴酸钾

溴酸钾用途

【用途一】
容量分析中作氧化剂
【用途二】
用作氧化剂、罐头食品的添加剂及羊毛处理剂等
【用途三】
是常用的氧化剂，用作分析化学中的基准物质，以点滴分析测定镓。在水银精制中，其3%水溶液可用于水银提纯。此外还用作羊毛处理剂。食品工业中用作鱼肉罐头制品的品质改良添加剂和能提高面粉烘培质量的面包制作用添加剂。
【用途四】
作为面粉品质改良剂，具有氧化性，使面粉漂白；能抑制蛋白质分解酶的活性，使面筋的性质得以改善。我国规定可用于小麦粉，最大使用量0.03g/kg，最终食品中不得检出。
【用途五】
小麦粉处理剂；面团质量改进剂；氧化剂；鱼肉罐头改质剂；麦芽糖化处理剂。
【用途六】
直接配制溴酸钾标准溶液。氧化剂。点滴分析测定镓。农药化肥分析。溴酸钾是常用的氧化剂、试剂、鱼肉罐头的添加剂、羊毛处理剂以及面粉工业(改进烘焙)等。

溴酸钾名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7758-01-2

[ 中文名 ]:
溴酸钾

[ 英文名 ]:
Potassium bromate

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 231-829-8
MFCD00011359
Potassium bromate

溴酸钾物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
3.27

[ 熔点 ]:
350 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
BrKO₃

[ 分子量 ]:
167.001

[ 精确质量 ]:
165.866776

[ PSA ]:
57.20000

[ LogP ]:
0.48920

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色晶体,颗粒或粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与有机物、还原剂、硫、磷易燃物,食品原料分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability Strong oxidizer - contact with combustible materials may cause fire. Incompatible with combustible material, organics, reducing agents, aluminium, finely powdered metals.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
70 g/L (20 ºC)

溴酸钾MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

溴酸钾毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: EF8725000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Bromic acid, potassium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7758-01-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 32

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Br-O3.K

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 167.01

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 321 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 289 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 177 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 4200 mg/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 38500 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 19635 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors Endocrine - thyroid tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 19250 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 10500 mg/kg/39W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 9625 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors Endocrine - thyroid tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 9625 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5460 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TEST SYSTEM :: Mammal - pig Kidney

DOSE/DURATION :: 7500 umol/L

REFERENCE :: CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,335,1995 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,207,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,207,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81949 No. of Facilities: 132 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 3252 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81949 No. of Facilities: 1458 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 24 No. of Employees: 26562 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 11090 (estimated)

溴酸钾安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS03, GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H271-H301-H350

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P210-P283-P301 + P310 + P330-P308 + P313-P371 + P380 + P375

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R25;R45;R9

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S53-S45

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1484 5.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
EF8725000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
5.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2829900090

溴酸钾合成路线

详细合成路线

溴酸钾上下游产品

溴酸钾上游产品

溴酸钾下游产品

溴酸钾制备

1.电解法将由溴素与氢氧化钾合成的溴化钾用蒸馏水溶解配成电解液，电解24h后出第一批粗品，以后每12h取一次粗品，粗品经水洗除去溴化钾后用蒸馏水溶解，加少量氢氧化钾调pH值为8，保温0.5 h后过滤，将澄清滤液在结晶器中冷至室温，经结晶、分离、干燥，制得溴酸钾产品。其反应方程式如下：
阳极
阴极

2.氯氧化法石灰乳和溴素反应后通入氯气进行氯氧化反应，至pH值达6～7反应终止。除渣后，蒸发滤液。加入氯化钡溶液反应生成溴酸钡沉淀，将过滤后的沉淀加水悬浮，保持一定的温度加入碳酸钾进行复分解反应，粗品溴酸钾用少量蒸馏水多次洗涤后过滤、蒸发、冷却结晶、分离、干燥、粉碎，制得食用溴酸钾产品。其反应方程式如下：

3.电解浓度为450g/L的KBr溶液，电解时生成的KOH和Br2又进行反应。阳极为固定在硬胶垫上的一组铂丝，阴极为带孔的不锈钢，两极间距离为5mm。电解时溶液温度为50～70℃。阴极电流密度0.4～0.5A/cm2阳极电流密度1A/cm2。析出的KBrO3结晶含KBr3%～4％。将其在布氏漏斗上抽滤后用蒸馏水洗涤得含KBrO399.7％和KBr 0.3%的产品360g(按电流计收率为73%～79％)。可再用重结晶法精制。在大瓷烧杯中加入1050mL过滤过的30％KOH溶液。经带长管(几乎插到杯底)的滴液漏斗，在不断搅拌下，非常缓慢地加入110g溴，向所得溶液中通入氯气至饱和，加溴和通氯气都要在通风条件下进行。检验溶液是否饱和的方法是：取10mL溶液，用等量水稀释，然后煮沸到Br2和Cl2完全排出为止(把碘化钾淀粉试纸放在液体蒸气上试验不应变蓝)。加1滴酚酞溶液，在氯气完全饱和时，样品不应变红。将反应液冷却到15℃，分离出沉下来的KBrO3和KCl混合物(300～350g)将其与150mL水。剩下的KBrO3结晶用布氏漏斗抽滤，用100mL水洗后得200～240g潮湿的KBrO3。为将所得产品重结晶，可将其溶于1L热水中。过滤后，蒸发滤液到结晶薄膜出现时冷却。析出的结晶约150g，再用800mL热水重结晶，所得结晶在80～85℃干燥。产量100～125g。两次结晶的母液蒸发还可得到一些KBrO3，但纯度较低。

4.由溴酸镁与氯化钾复分解而得。

将溴滴入氢氧化钾溶液中，可同时产生溴化钾和溴酸钾，再分别结晶而得（于沸水中重结晶）。

5.制法将浓度为450g/l的由溴素和氢氧化钾合成的溴化钾热溶液（50～70℃）电解，可制得溴酸钾。

阳极析出的溴酸钾结晶经抽滤后用蒸馏水洗涤（400g盐用水1.5L），将结晶溶解在热水中（每100g结晶0.5L水），加少量氢氧化钾pH＝8，保温静置，过滤后，滤液加热蒸发至出现结晶薄膜，冷却结晶，结晶用水进行重结晶。所得结晶在80～85℃下干燥，得溴酸钾。

溴酸钾海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2829900090

溴酸钾文献

Electrocatalytic reduction of bromate based on Pd nanoparticles uniformly anchored on polyaniline/SBA-15.

Chemosphere 141 , 243-9, (2015)

A nano-composite electrocatalyst of Pd nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) anchored on polyaniline (PANI) supported by mesoporous SBA-15 (Pd-NPs/PANI/SBA-15), was synthesized using an in situ chemical method. Tran...

Gellan gum-g-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone: synthesis, swelling, metal ion uptake and flocculation behavior.

Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 72 , 1292-300, (2014)

The synthesis of graft copolymer (gellan gum-g-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) is carried out in nitrogen atmosphere using potassium bromate and silver as redox system. The reaction conditions for maximum graf...

Polyamine Triglycerides: Synthesis and Study of Their Potential in Lubrication, Neutralization, and Sequestration.

J. Agric. Food Chem. 63 , 6422-9, (2015)

Renewable resources have evoked a new awakening in both scientific and industrial circles in the past decade. Vegetable oil is one category of renewables that is amenable as a source of new industrial...

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溴酸钾