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亚硝酸异戊酯

亚硝酸异戊酯用途

用于香料，药物，重氮化合物的合成。可作氧化剂，溶剂。亚硝酸异酯是一种药物，是作用最快的亚硝酸酯类短效血管扩张剂。还可作氢氰酸及其盐类中毒的解毒剂。

亚硝酸异戊酯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
110-46-3

[ 中文名 ]:
亚硝戊酯

[ 英文名 ]:
Isopentyl nitrite

[中文别名 ]:

亚硝酸异戊酯

[英文别名 ]:

Amyl Nitrite
Isoamyl nitrite,stabilized
ISO-PENTYLNITRITE
3-METHYLBUTYLNITRIT
Isopentyl nitrite
Nitrous acid, 3-methylbutyl ester
ISOAMYLNITRIT
ISOAMYL NITRITE (100 ML )
Nitramyl
isopentanol nitrite

亚硝酸异戊酯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.0±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
99.1±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 分子式 ]:
C₅H₁₁NO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
117.146

[ 闪点 ]:
10.0±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
117.078979

[ PSA ]:
38.66000

[ LogP ]:
2.45

[ 外观性状 ]:
黄色液体

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
44.6±0.2 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.425

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability Unstable. Air and light sensitive. Flammable. Forms explosive mixtures with air or oxygen. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, reducing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
<0.01 g/100 mL at 18 ºC

亚硝酸异戊酯MSDS

亚硝酸异戊酯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: NT0187500

CHEMICAL NAME :: Isopentyl alcohol, nitrite

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 110-46-3

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0969510

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 12

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C5-H11-N-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 117.17

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ONO2Y

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 505 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 716 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1430 ppm/30M

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 130 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 51 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 167 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

DOSE/DURATION :: 16 mg/L

REFERENCE :: EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 83996 No. of Facilities: 33 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 33 (estimated)

亚硝酸异戊酯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS06

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H302-H331

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R20/22

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S16-S24-S46

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1113 3/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
NT0187500

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

亚硝酸异戊酯合成路线

亚硝酸异戊酯上下游产品

亚硝酸异戊酯上游产品

亚硝酸异戊酯下游产品

亚硝酸异戊酯制备

1.由异戊醇与亚硝酸钠作用而得。根据实际生产情况可有不同的操作方法。1.反应在合成管内进行将亚硝酸钠水溶液、异戊醇、盐酸分别打入高位槽中。先将亚硝酸钠溶液和盐酸液以相同速度滴入合成管道中，当在管道内产生氯气泡后，从管道顶部慢慢滴加异戊醇，在管道合成即得粗品。经洗涤、干燥、分馏得成品。2.反应在反应罐中进行将亚硝酸钠、异戊醇及水加入反应罐，搅拌，降温至5℃以下滴加盐酸。在5℃保温1h，静置后分去水层，酯层用水洗，再用碳酸钠溶液洗涤，再用水洗。分去水层后，用无水碳酸钠脱水，过滤。滤液蒸馏，收集97-99℃馏分，得亚硝酸异戊酯。

2.异戊醇在酸性环境下与亚硝酸钠作用，经洗涤、干燥、精馏得成品。

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