The synthesis and biological evaluation of a number of differently substituted 3, 6-diamino- 1H-pyrazolo [3, 4-b] pyridine derivatives are reported. From the inhibition results on a selection of disease-relevant protein kinases [IC50 (μM) DYRK1A= 11; CDK5= 0.41; GSK-3= 1.5] we have observed that 3, 6-diamino-4-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo [3, 4-b] pyridine-5- carbonitrile (4) constitutes a potential new and simple lead compound in the search of ...