Anti-Leishmania in vitro and in vivo activities of various rhodacyanine derivatives have been examined. Among them, the fluorinatied variant SJL-01 (8) showed IC50 of 0.011 μM against Leishmania donovani strain MHOM/ET/67/L82 (selective index of> 15000) and 95− 97% inhibition against L. donovani strain MHOM/ET/67/HU in female BALB/c mice by 1.3− 12.5 mg/kg× 5 iv administrations. Negative results on chromosomal aberration test and in ...