The condensation of simple lithium ester enolates with appropriately substituted aryl imines produces P-lactams in yields from 35 to 95%. Excellent stereoselectivity is observed in the preparation of@-lactams with chiral centers at C-3 and C-4 of the P-lactam ring. When chiral ester enolates are used, asymmetric induction occurs to yield optically active@-lactams with up to 60% ee. Synthetic and mechanistic details of these reactions are discussed.