Abstract A series of 4-substituted 1, 2-diacyl-1, 2, 4-triazolidine-3, 5–diones were synthesized and shown to be hypolipidemic in rodents; serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced following intraperitoneal and oral dosing at 20 mg/kg/day. The hypolipidemic activity of the triazolidine-3, 5-diones was improved when R 1 was either a phenyl or a butyl group. Tissue lipid levels were reduced in the liver, aorta, and small ...