A fluorescent sensing film was fabricated by chemical assembling pyrene moieties on a glass plate surface via a spacer containing a benzene ring. The film was used for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), particularly picric acid (PA), in aqueous phase. Introduction of benzene structure in the spacer favors π–π stacking between pyrene moieties on the end of each spacer, which encourages direct exposure of the fluorophore ...
[Yan, Ni; Xu, Zhiyan; Diehn, Kevin K.; Raghavan, Srinivasa R.; Fang, Yu; Weiss, Richard G. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2013 , vol. 135, # 24 p. 8989 - 8999]