Synthesis and leishmanicidal activity of 1, 3-dithiolanes (2a, b), 1, 3-dithiane (2c), tetraazaacenaphthene (4a-h) and tetraazaphenalene (4i, j), imidazolidin-2-ylidene (5a, 6a, b) and hexahydropyrimidin-2-ylidene (5b) derivatives are described. Some of the screened compounds have demonstrated significant leishmanicidal activity in in vitro and in vivo evaluations.