The preparation of novel 5-aryl-2-thio-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles 4a–41 and the computer-aided study of their in vitro anti-tubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294) are reported. The average accuracy of the electronic-topological method and neural network methods applied to the activity prediction in leave-one-out cross validation is 80%.