In general, synthetic approaches to the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) ought to be safer, simple, and cost-effective. From the process development standpoint, in-depth optimization efforts tend to offer several advantages (eg, robustness, use of nontoxic solvents, less energy intensive, etc.) in the manufacturing of the drug substances. ... In order to exemplify an application of epoxypropane (4) in the synthesis of ranolazine (1), we embarked our studies on the ...