Abstract 3, 7-Dialkyl-8-alkyl-or-aryl-3, 7-dihydropurine-2, 6-diones XII-XIV were synthesized from 5-alkylamino-6-amino-1-alkyl-2, 4 (1H, 3H)-pyrimidinediones VII-IX by three methods: the first is based upon an acid catalyzed cyclization of the starting derivatives VII-IX with orthoesters of carboxylic acids in dimethylformamide. In the second and third methods the 5- ((N-acyl)(N-alkyl) amino) derivatives X, XI, obtained by acylation of VII-IX were cyclized ...